Electrochemical recycling of cobalt from cathodes of spent lithium-ion batteries

Application of Spent Li-Ion Batteries Cathode in Methylene Blue Dye Discoloration

“…However, we have reasons to believe that the methylene blue discoloration mechanism, using the H 2 O 2 and LIB spent cathode, is different from what is proposed in the literature [3]. The main controversial point is that the reduction potential of LiCoO 2 in aqueous solution (see (1)) is around −0.95 V [4] and oxidation of H 2 O 2 (see (2)) is −0.89 V [3]. Thus, the global process (see (3)) is thermodynamically unfavorable (−1.84 V).…”

“…The fast popularization of portable devices such as cell phones is due mostly to the introduction of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) by Sony in 1991 [1][2][3]. The introduction of LIBs to the market was due to characteristics such as high energy density, long lifespan, and lightweight [3,4].…”

“…In general, LIBs have no Cd, unlike Ni-Cd batteries, and have much less Ni than Ni-MH batteries. The cathode material widely used in LIBs is lithium and cobalt oxide, LiCoO 2 [1][2][3]5]. Due to their widespread use, LIBs' disposal is a topic of great relevance.…”

“…The LIB operating system basically consists of reversible extraction/insertion of Li + ions between two electrodes (see (4)) [1,8,9]. For LIB with LiCoO 2 cathode, in the charge process, the Li + intercalated in the LiCoO 2 structure is forced out by an external applied potential in direction of a carbonaceous matrix (see (4)) [1].…”

Battery Recycling Technologies: Recycling Waste Lithium Ion Batteries with the Impact on the Environment In-View

“…Therefore, Ni was first separated from Co by solvent extraction, followed by its recovery through galvanostatic and potentiostatic electrowinning (Lupi and Pasquali, 2003). Also, Freitas and Garcia (2007) electrochemically recovered Co, while combination of the electrochemical and hydrothermal methods were used to recover ISSN 2157-6092 2013 both Co and Ni from LiCoO 2 and (LiCo x Ni( 1-x )O 2 in the Li ion and Li polymer batteries, respectively (Lupi et al, 2005 The process chemically recovered valuable components of the waste materials or concentrates at elevated temperatures . Pauline et al (2008) fused the mixture of active mass (cathode and anode) and electrolyte with KHSO 4 in a furnace.…”