Electrochemical Processes for the Formation of Hydroxyapatite Powders

Nur, Adrian; Setyawan, Heru; Widjaja, Arief; Lenggoro, I. Wuled

doi:10.9767/bcrec.9.3.6686.168-174

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…If final pH of solution < 8, the phase product is brushite. If final pH of solution > 8, the phase product is HA [18]. In this work, we find that the final pH of solution for 400, 500, and 600 mA/cm 2 are 8.1, 9.1, and 9.5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…This method requires the longer process. In another our work [18,19], we conclude that water reduction at cathode to produce hydroxide ions is very important process in HA formation. The problem in the electrochemical method is the concentration of OHions produced by water reduction difficult increase due they move away from the cathode and react with H + ions produced by water oxidation in the anode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

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The Current Density on Electrosynthesis of Hydroxyapatite with Bipolar Membrane

et al. 2018

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Synthesis of hydroxyapatite by electrochemical method was has been successfully done. The novelty of this research is used of the bipolar membrane to separate electrolysis chamber. The bipolar membrane is used to keep the cations still around the cathode and react to form hydroxyapatite. The aim of this paper was to compare the current density on electrosynthesis of hydroxyapatite with and without bipolar membrane and the effect of current density on electrosynthesis. The electrosynthesis was performed at 2 hours at 400 to 600 mA/cm2 at room temperature. The bigger the current density, the more pure HA formed. The electrosynthesis of hydroxyapatite with bipolar membrane more effective than without bipolar membrane. The formation of HA is very effective in the cathode chamber. HA can be formed at low current density. In electrosynthesis with the bipolar membrane, particles of HA are nanosheet flower-like. The nanosheet flower-like HA growth at 1.6 A to 2 A.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The Current Density on Electrosynthesis of Hydroxyapatite with Bipolar Membrane

et al. 2018

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“…Although it was noticed that the OH − quantity increased around the cathode, the oxygen generation process was not elucidated in detail. 34,35 In this work, a new electrochemical sensor based on CaP transformation was prepared by in situ formation of ACP and OCP deposited on a Nafion-coated glassy carbon electrode (GCE) (denoted as CaPs/Nafion). The CaPs modified on the electrode can be viewed as the starting material for the transition to HAP, which was manifested by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman characterizations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Direct Electrochemical Sensing of Phosphate in Aqueous Solutions Based on Phase Transition of Calcium Phosphate

et al. 2020

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Electrochemical determination of phosphate in aqueous solutions attracts considerable interests in both biological and environmental fields. Because of the electrochemically inactive nature of phosphate, direct electrochemical detection of phosphate is still a highly challenging task. Herein, we reported a direct electrochemical approach for the determination of phosphate based on the oxidation of coordinated OH during the phase transition of calcium phosphates (CaPs). The mixture of amorphous CaPs and octacalcium phosphate (Ca8(HPO4)2(PO4)4·5H2O), which acts as the starting material for hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), was self-assembled on a Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode. The as-prepared electrode (CaPs/Nafion) showed a distinct oxidation peak at 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl in phosphate solution. The peak heights were directly proportional to the concentration of phosphate from 0.1 to 10 μM in the presence of 1 mM Ca2+. After comprehensive characterization of the CaPs/Nafion electrode, it was understood that phosphate ions as a proton acceptor could stimulate the generation of coordinated OH from coordinated water (H2O) in CaP. The addition of Ca2+ could magnify the coordinated H2O source because of its hydration to H2O. The CaPs/Nafion electrode also displayed good selectivity as the electrochemical oxidization response was not affected by up to 10 μM of potentially competitive species like CO3 2–, NO3 –, CH3COO–, SO4 2–, and Cl–. The results obtained in this work not only provided a new method for direct detection of phosphate in aqueous solution but also suggested that Ca2+ could be a promoter for electrochemical oxygen generation.

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“…The electrochemical method is beginning to emerge as a valuable option for preparing powders. Using the electrochemical method, the particle phase can easily be controlled by simply adjusting the imposed current or potential to the system [7][8][9][10][11]. The present work aims to investigate the effects of electrode distance in the electrolysis of TiCl4 solution to the transformation of anatase to rutile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transformation of TiO2 powder prepared by TiCl4 hydrolysis-electrolysis

Nur¹,

Purwanto²,

Jumari³

et al. 2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Metal oxide combined with graphite becomes an interesting composition. TiO2 is a good candidate for Li ion battery anode because of low cost, availability sufficient, and environmentally friendly. The form of TiO2 crystals is highly depended on the synthesis method used. The electrochemical method is beginning to emerge as a valuable option for preparing TiO2 powders. Using the electrochemical method, the particle phase can easily be controlled by simply adjusting the imposed current or potential to the system. The present work aims to investigate the effects of electrode distance in the electrolysis of TiCl4 solution to the phase transformation of anatase to rutile. The homogeneous solution for the electro-synthesis of TiO2 powders was TiCl4 in ethanol solution. The electrolysis was carried out in an electrochemical cell consisting of two carbon electrodes with dimensions of (5 × 2) cm. The electrodes were set parallel with various distances of 2.6 cm, 3 cm, and 4 cm between the electrodes and were immersed in the electrolytic solution at a depth of 2 cm. The electrodes were connected to the positive and negative terminals of a DC power supply (Zhaoxin PS-3005D). The electro-synthesis was performed galvanostatically at 2.5 hours and a voltage 10 V under constant stirring at room temperature. Phase transformation from anatase to rutile occurred at 2.6 cm to 3 cm electrode distance.

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Electrochemical Processes for the Formation of Hydroxyapatite Powders

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

The Current Density on Electrosynthesis of Hydroxyapatite with Bipolar Membrane

The Current Density on Electrosynthesis of Hydroxyapatite with Bipolar Membrane

Direct Electrochemical Sensing of Phosphate in Aqueous Solutions Based on Phase Transition of Calcium Phosphate

Phase transformation of TiO2 powder prepared by TiCl4 hydrolysis-electrolysis

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