Electrochemical polymerization and properties of PEDOT/S-EDOT on neural microelectrode arrays

Xiao, Yinghong; Cui, Xinyan Tracy; Martin, David C.

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.06.024

Cited by 50 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Conjugated conducting polymers are being explored for diverse applications including light emitting diodes, thin film transistors, photovoltaic cells, anti-static coatings, biosensors, and lasers. Our laboratory has been studying the interactions between central nervous system (CNS)-derived cells and the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) towards the development of polymer electrodes and electrode coatings for biomedical devices [7][8][9]. The conductive polymerbased materials that we are developing are electrically stable over time following implantation in tissue, non-biodegradable yet biocompatible [2,5,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neural electrode functionality can be increased by modifying the surface of the electrode sites with low impedance conductive polymer coatings with nanoscale roughness or porosity [15,18] and through the incorporation of cell adhesion peptides [7,19], proteins [20][21][22], or antiinflammatory drugs [14,23]. These studies suggest that the most tissue and device compatible modifications of the electrode surface would be those with electrical activity, bioactivity, mechanical softness, and topological features on a similar scale to that of cells in tissues and cell surface and extracellular matrix structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymerization of the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) around living neural cells

et al. 2007

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In this paper we describe interactions between neural cells and the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) toward development of electrically conductive biomaterials intended for direct, functional contact with electrically-active tissues such as the nervous system, heart, and skeletal muscle. We introduce a process for polymerizing PEDOT around living cells and describe a neural cell-templated conducting polymer coating for microelectrodes and a hybrid conducting polymer-live neural cell electrode. We found that neural cells could be exposed to working concentrations (0.01 M) of the EDOT monomer for as long as 72 hours while maintaining 80% cell viability. PEDOT could be electrochemically deposited around neurons cultured on electrodes using 0.5-1 μA/mm 2 galvanostatic current. PEDOT polymerized on the electrode and surrounded the cells, covering cell processes. The polymerization was impeded in regions where cells were well-adhered to the substrate. The cells could be removed from the PEDOT matrix to generate a neural cell-templated biomimetic conductive substrate with cell-shaped features that were cell-attracting. Live cells embedded within the conductive polymer matrix remained viable for at least 120 hours following polymerization. Dying cells primarily underwent apoptotic cell death. PEDOT, PEDOT+live neurons, and neuron-templated PEDOT coatings on electrodes significantly enhanced the electrical properties as compared to the bare electrode as indicated by decreased electrical impedance of 1-1.5 orders of magnitude at 0.01-1 kHz and significantly increased charge transfer capacity. PEDOT coatings showed a decrease of the phase angle of the impedance from roughly 80 degrees for the bare electrode to 5-35 degrees at frequencies >0.1 kHz. Equivalent circuit modeling indicated that PEDOT-coated electrodes were best described by R(C(RT)) circuit. We found that an RC parallel circuit must be added to the model for PEDOT+live neuron and neurontemplated PEDOT coatings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerization of the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) around living neural cells

et al. 2007

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“…CPs exhibit improved impedance characteristics and provide a softer mechanical interface when compared to conventional metal electrodes [1,[13][14][15][16][17]. CPs have an intrinsically unstable conjugated backbone, which when doped with appropriate ions can be used to pass both electronic and ionic charges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conducting polymer-hydrogels for medical electrode applications

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Baek

Poole-Warren

et al. 2010

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

241

182

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Conducting polymers hold significant promise as electrode coatings; however, they are characterized by inherently poor mechanical properties. Blending or producing layered conducting polymers with other polymer forms, such as hydrogels, has been proposed as an approach to improving these properties. There are many challenges to producing hybrid polymers incorporating conducting polymers and hydrogels, including the fabrication of structures based on two such dissimilar materials and evaluation of the properties of the resulting structures. Although both fabrication and evaluation of structure-property relationships remain challenges, materials comprised of conducting polymers and hydrogels are promising for the next generation of bioactive electrode coatings.

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“…6), both composite layers exhibit a cauliower-like structure, which is typical for poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). 65,[75][76][77] In the case of (p)N-CNTs/pEDOT/PSS composite the presence of (p)N-CNTs is clearly visible in the SEM images. Plasma treated carbon nanotubes create entangled networks that increase porosity of the nanocomposite.…”

Section: Characterization Of Nanocomposite (P)n-cnts/pedot/ Pssmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-performance method of carbon nanotubes modification by microwave plasma for thin composite films preparation

et al. 2017

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In this work we present a simple and efficient method of nitrogen plasma modification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The process allows for treatment of the nanotubes in the form of powder with quite a high yield (65 mg of CNTs per hour). The modified carbon nanotubes contain approx. 3.8% nitrogen, mostly in the pyridinic form. Plasma treated CNTs exhibit better dispersibility in water and higher electric capacitance than pristine CNTs. Modified CNTs are a proper component of novel nanocomposites based on the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethyleneidoxythiophene). Electrodeposited thin layers of the nanocomposite exhibit improved electrochemical properties (higher capacitance, better stability, lower resistance, faster diffusion) compared to the pure polymer layers.

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Electrochemical polymerization and properties of PEDOT/S-EDOT on neural microelectrode arrays

Cited by 50 publications

References 23 publications

Polymerization of the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) around living neural cells

Polymerization of the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) around living neural cells

Conducting polymer-hydrogels for medical electrode applications

High-performance method of carbon nanotubes modification by microwave plasma for thin composite films preparation

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