Electrochemical oxidation of trace organic contaminants in reverse osmosis concentrate using RuO2/IrO2-coated titanium anodes

Abstract

), respectively. Compounds that were more persistent during continuous oxidation were characterized by the presence of electrophilic groups on the aromatic ring (e.g. triclopyr) or by the absence of stronger nucleophilic substituents (e.g. ibuprofen).These pollutants were oxidized when applying higher specific electrical charge in batch mode (i.e. 1.45 kA h m À3 ROC). However, baseline toxicity as determined by Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition tests (Microtox) was increasing with higher applied charge during batch and continuous oxidation, indicating the formation of toxic oxidation products, possibly chlorinated and brominated organic compounds. ª 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.* Corresponding author. Tel.: þ61 7 3346 3234; fax: þ61 7 3365 4726. E-mail address: j.radjenovic@awmc.uq.edu.au (J. Radjenovic).A v a i l a b l e a t w w w . s c i e n c e d i r e c t . c o m j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / w a t r e s w a t e r r e s e a r c h 4 5 ( 2 0 1 1 ) 1 5 7 9 e1 5 8 6

Electrochemical treatment of reverse osmosis concentrate on boron-doped electrodes in undivided and divided cell configurations

“…The DOC concentration was analysed using an Analytik Jena multi N/C®-series Microtox analyses [18]. Sample extraction was conducted directly after quenching of Na 2 SO 3 to the samples.…”

An Overview of the Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Freshwater System

“…Bolong et al [61] has reviewed the use and efficiencies of activated carbon, oxidation, activated sludge, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in removal of persistent organic contaminants. The current options for water treatment for the removal of organic contaminants are based on continued development of activated sludge method, which is basically a bio transformation method [62,63], the membrane filtration methods [60,64] and reverse osmosis [65][66][67]. Activated sludge with zeolite improves organic contaminants biodegradability during anaerobic oxidation of municipal waste water by increasing the number of heterotropic bacteria as high as 55 times compared to control activated sludge [68].…”

Elucidation of mesopore-organic molecules interactions in mesoporous TiO2 photocatalysts to improve photocatalytic activity

“…The organic contaminants in municipal RO effluents include natural organic matters (NOM), detergents, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and so on [4]. AOPs include photooxidation, sonolysis, electrooxidation, Fenton's reaction, and photocatalysis [1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Photooxidation and Fenton's reaction were reported to have relative medium to high costs of chemical consumables.…”