Electrochemical oxidation of hypochlorite at platinum anodes

The catalyzing effect of chromate in the chlorate formation reaction

“…show that hypochlorite is oxidized to hypochlorite radicals (Djordjević et al, 1973;Czarnetzki and Janssen, 1988;Minhová Macounová et al, 2015) that may initiate reactions with oxygen and chlorate as possible end products. Reaction (8) has mainly been studied in laboratory scale at low temperatures and in alkaline media.…”

Kinetic parameters for anodic oxidation of hypochlorite ion on Pt and Pt oxide electrodes in alkaline solution

“…The diffusion coefficients were reported by some researchers [12,27,28]. For the analysis of the kinetic parameters, the suggested value, 1.10 × 10 −5 cm 2 s −1 , by Czarnetzki and Janssen [12] was used. Gellings method could be used for determining E 0 [17,29,30].…”

“…Therefore, the anodic mechanism of ClO − is one of the key issues for the elucidation of the overall reaction. From previous reports [10][11][12], the first elementary reaction of ClO − (ca. +1.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl) is given in the following equation: However, there are a considerable number of kinetic aspects with respect to kinetic discussion.…”

“…The kinetic analysis of the reaction seems to be difficult for the following reasons. First, the electrode reaction displays faster electrode kinetics [12]. Second, the surface pollution on the anode and/or ionic adsorption processes such as specific adsorption and oxide film formation processes follow the process described in Ref.…”

“…(2) produces the electrochemically active species ClO − in the aqueous solution and then contributes to the subsequent reaction [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In the case of an oxide electrode such as RuO 2 electrode, the production of a monovalent ion, probably ClO − , is suggested to be the result of the lattice oxygen on the oxide electrode that is involved in the reaction that takes place before or after reaction (1) [13].…”