Electrochemical methods for testing the intergranular corrosion susceptibility of stainless steels

Aaltonen, Pertti; Aho-Mantila, Irina; Hänninen, Hannu

doi:10.1016/0010-938x(83)90071-9

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Because discontinuous alloy depletion also results in imperfect passivity, the breakdown of passive film leads to higher corrosion rate and contributes to the measured reactivation current/charge in the EPR technique. Therefore, a microstructural examination of the specimen after the EPR test is necessary and it has to Brought to you by | Western University Authenticated Download Date | 6/8/15 10:06 AM (Osozawa et al, 1966;Payer & Staehle, 1975;Pednekar & Smialowska, 1980;Altonen et al, 1983) Devine, 1990Devine, , 1998 (Mukherjee et al, 1996;Huang et al, 2004;Singh, 2008;Srivastava, 2006;Kozuh et al, 2008;Santillán et al, 2011) be ensured that the measured value is due to chromium depletion. Otherwise, the conclusions will be misleading.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The average depth of IGC increases with the increase in the total electric charge density (Figure 4), indicating that the charge accumulated during 2 h of potentiostatic etching can be taken as the direct measure of the DOS. A similar technique was used by Altonen et al (1983) at +300 mV (SCE), and SEM studies of the heavily sensitized 304 SS after potentiostatic etching revealed grain boundary carbides on the grain facets as shown in Figure 5.…”

Section: Potentiostatic Etching Techniquementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Single-loop Epr Techniquementioning

confidence: 98%

“…They have reported that the appearance of secondary anodic peak is an indication of the presence of chromium-depleted zone and that the peak current density at secondary anodic peak can be correlated to the DOS. Altonen, Aho Mantila, and Hannien (1983) have applied this technique to 304 SS, 321 SS, and low P 304 SS. They have reported that a prominent secondary anodic peak was observed in the anodic polarization curve for the sensitized material as shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Degree Of Sensitizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Anodic polarization curves of low phosphorous 304 SS in deaerated 1 N HClO 4 +0.2 N NaCl solution (scan rate, 50 mV/min): solution annealed at (A) 1060°C/20 min and (B) 650°C/10 h(Altonen et al, 1983). Copyright © 1983.…”

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Electrochemical techniques for estimating the degree of sensitization in austenitic stainless steels

Parvathavarthini

Mudali

2014

Corrosion Reviews

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The thermal exposure of austenitic stainless steels in the temperature range of 500°C-800°C results in the precipitation of chromium-rich M 23 C 6 carbides along the grain boundaries and concomitant chromium depletion. When chromium level falls below 12% at such depleted zones, the material is said to be sensitized. When the sensitized material is exposed to corrosive media, intergranular corrosion (IGC) and intergranular stress corrosion cracking take place. ASTM standard A262-13 is available for detecting the susceptibility to IGC. However, the extent of chromium depletion of shop-fabricated or field-constructed components is required to determine the presence or absence of sensitization for critical applications. In this review, various electrochemical techniques that can be employed to assess the degree of sensitization (DOS) in austenitic stainless steels are critically reviewed. Techniques such as electrochemical potentiokinetic and potentiostatic reactivation with recent modifications for the accurate estimation of the DOS are analyzed. The possibility of using AC impedance technique and electrochemical noise technique for assessing the DOS is also presented. The merits and demerits of each technique and areas where further research should be focused are presented in this review.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Potentiostatic Etching Techniquementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Single-loop Epr Techniquementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Degree Of Sensitizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical techniques for estimating the degree of sensitization in austenitic stainless steels

Parvathavarthini

Mudali

2014

Corrosion Reviews

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Electrochemical detection of austenite sensitization in explosion joints of austenitic tubes and a bainitic tubeplate

Eremiáš

1985

Materials & Corrosion

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Potentiodynamic measurements of the electrochemical reactivation charge for the surface layers of grade 08Cr18Ni10Ti austenitic tubes taken from experimental joints of such tubes to bainitic tubeplate after up to 3000 hours of aging at 400 °C confirm that the level of sensitization of austenite increases with aging time. A higher degree of sensitization can be expected after aging at 400 °C in the heavily deformed austenite adjacent to the austenite‐bainite interface of the joint obtained by an explosion cladding technique.

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Metallurgical effects on the corrosion resistance of a low temperature sensitized welded aisi type 304 stainless steel

Kekkonen¹,

Aaltonen²,

Hänninen³

1985

Corrosion Science

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Electrochemical methods for testing the intergranular corrosion susceptibility of stainless steels

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Electrochemical techniques for estimating the degree of sensitization in austenitic stainless steels

Electrochemical techniques for estimating the degree of sensitization in austenitic stainless steels

Electrochemical detection of austenite sensitization in explosion joints of austenitic tubes and a bainitic tubeplate

Metallurgical effects on the corrosion resistance of a low temperature sensitized welded aisi type 304 stainless steel

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