Electrochemical Kinetics of Reduction of Zinc Oxide to Zinc Using 2:1 Urea/ChCl Ionic Liquid

Yang, Haoxing; Reddy, Ramana G.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2015.08.050

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For several easily soluble metal oxides, such as copper oxides [136,137], PbO [142][143][144] or ZnO [137,[146][147][148][149][150], various DESs appear to be excellent solvents. Hence, their dissolution, to date, is kind of a chemical routine during the preparation of samples for electrochemical experiments.…”

Section: Metal Oxide Solventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Dissolution of Metal Oxides in Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents

Richter

Ruck

2019

Molecules

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Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have proven to be suitable solvents and reactants for low-temperature reactions. To date, several attempts were made to apply this promising class of materials to metal oxide chemistry, which, conventionally, is performed at high temperatures. This review gives an overview about the scientific approaches of the synthesis as well as the dissolution of metal oxides in ILs and DESs. A wide range of metal oxides along with numerous ILs and DESs are covered by this research. With ILs and DESs being involved, many metal oxide phases as well as different particle morphologies were obtained by means of relatively simple reactions paths. By the development of acidic task-specific ILs and DESs, even difficultly soluble metal oxides were dissolved and, hence, made accessible for downstream chemistry. Especially the role of ILs in these reactions is in the focus of discussion.

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Section: Metal Oxide Solventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Dissolution of Metal Oxides in Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents

Richter

Ruck

2019

Molecules

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“…21,22,24 Urea and ZnO were purchased and dried following the method reported in the literature. 32 Urea and EMIC (2:1 molar ratio) were mixed and stirred in a beaker using a The Electrochemical Society of Japan http://dx.doi.org/10.5796/electrochemistry.84.872 magnetic stirrer at 353 K to ensure that the mixtures were completely melted, resulting in a homogeneous, colorless solution. A ZnOurea/EMIC system was prepared by adding 4 mmol of ZnO into the solution and stirred continuously until all ZnO was dissolved.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc Electrodeposition from Zinc Oxide in the Urea/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride at 353 K

Shen

Shi

et al. 2016

Electrochemistry

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In this study, a new electrolyte urea/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was developed to replace traditional sulfuric acid in the zinc electroplating process using zinc oxide as a zinc source. The electrochemical behavior of zinc from zinc oxide was investigated in the urea/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride electrolyte using chronoamperometric and cyclic voltammetric techniques. The cyclic voltammograms for this electrolyte illustrated that the zinc reduction is a diffusion-controlled irreversible process via a single-step two-electron transfer procedure. Chronoamperometric measurements suggested that the zinc electrodeposition on a tungsten electrode followed a three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation with a diffusion-controlled growth model at 353 K. Electrodeposits from Chronoamperometric measurements were analyzed with various characterization techniques. SEM images show that electrodeposits were flakes-like at low cathodic potentials and became clusters at more negative cathodic potentials. The obtained electrodeposits are metallic zinc, confirmed by XRD and EDS.

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“…In comparison with ZnCl 2 precursor [17][18][19][20][21], ZnO has potential to be used directly as a new promising precursor for the electrodeposition of Zn film in DES without chloridization pretreatment. ChCl/urea-based DES has been investigated as a potential solvent for Zn recovery from waste oxide residues [34], and Zn can be electrodeposited directly from ZnO precursor in ChCl/urea-based ionic liquid [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Zn and Cu–Zn alloy from ZnO/CuO precursors in deep eutectic solvent

Xie

Zou

et al. 2016

Applied Surface Science

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/ 34 Graphical abstractMicro/nanostructured Zn and Cu−Zn alloy films have been electrodeposited directly from ZnO/CuO precursors in ChCl/urea-based DES, the typical nucleation-growth mechanism and the micro/nanostructures-formation process are determined. Highlights> Micro/nanostructured Zn films have been electrodeposited directly from ZnO precursor in deep eutectic solvent (DES). > The morphology of the Zn electrodeposits depends on the cathodic potential and temperature. > The electrodeposited Zn films exhibit homogeneous morphologies with controllable particle sizes and improved corrosion resistance. > Cu-Zn alloy films have also been electrodeposited directly from their metal oxides precursors in DES. 4 / 34 Abstract The electrodeposition of Zn and Cu−Zn alloy has been investigated in choline chloride (ChCl)/urea (1:2 molar ratio) based deep eutectic solvent (DES). Cyclic voltammetry study demonstrates that the reduction of Zn(II) to Zn is a diffusion-controlled quasi-reversible, one-step, two electrons transfer process. Chronoamperometric investigation indicates that the electrodeposition of Zn on a Cu electrode typically involves three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation with diffusion-controlled growth process. Micro/nanostructured Zn films can be obtained by controlling the electrodeposition potential and temperature. The electrodeposited Zn crystals preferentially orient parallel to the (101) plane. The Zn films electrodeposited under more positive potentials and low temperatures exhibit improved corrosion resistance in 3 wt% NaCl solution. In addition, Cu-Zn alloy films have also been electrodeposited directly from CuO-ZnO precursors in ChCl/urea-based DES.The XRD analysis indicates that the phase composition of the electrodeposited Cu-Zn alloy depends on the electrodeposition potential.

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Electrochemical Kinetics of Reduction of Zinc Oxide to Zinc Using 2:1 Urea/ChCl Ionic Liquid

Cited by 34 publications

References 27 publications

Synthesis and Dissolution of Metal Oxides in Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents

Synthesis and Dissolution of Metal Oxides in Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents

Zinc Electrodeposition from Zinc Oxide in the Urea/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride at 353 K

Electrodeposition of Zn and Cu–Zn alloy from ZnO/CuO precursors in deep eutectic solvent

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