Electrochemical growth of multisegment nanoporous tin oxide layers by applying periodically changed anodizing potential

Corrosion Resistance of Anodic Layers Grown on 304L Stainless Steel at Different Anodizing Times and Stirring Speeds

“…While, for the oxide layer grown at 600 rpm showed the lowest pitting potential, ~140.5 mV, indicating that it is the most prone to localized corrosion. Figure 3 shows the current density-time curves recorded during the anodizing treatments at 0 rpm and at 600 rpm for different anodizing times (15,30,45, 60 min). The three steps described in Figure 1 for the anodizing process developed for 15 min at different stirring speeds are observed but, the length of each one varies significantly with the stirring speed.…”

“…From the charge density values, the theoretical thickness of the anodic layer can be estimated assuming that the entire charge is used for the formation of FeOOH, acoording to Equation (1) This compound has been previously reported as the main component of the anodic layers grown in ferrous materials [35,41,49]. Figure 3 shows the current density-time curves recorded during the anodizing treatments at 0 rpm and at 600 rpm for different anodizing times (15,30,45, 60 min). The three steps described in Figure 1 for the anodizing process developed for 15 min at different stirring speeds are observed but, the length of each one varies significantly with the stirring speed.…”

“…Literature is quite extensive about the surface treatments carried out to date [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Nevertheless, the anodizing process that was initially developed for aluminum alloys [7,8] and later for other metals, such as Mg [9], Ga [10], Co [11], W [12], Nb [13], Zr [14], Sn [15], and Ti [16,17], has emerged as a new alternative to surface functionalization of iron base alloys of particular interest in fields such as photocatalysis, sensors, corrosion, environmental remediation, and biomedical to name a few [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

Hierarchical Nanoporous Sn/SnOx Systems Obtained by Anodic Oxidation of Electrochemically Deposited Sn Nanofoams

“…Among diverse methods of synthesis of nanostructured tin oxides, one of the most attractive is electrochemical oxidation (anodization) of Sn because of its simplicity, low-cost, high effectiveness, and possibility of controlling and tuning the morphology of nanostructures [24,25]. Despite extensive studies on the influence of various anodizing conditions (e.g., applied potential, electrolyte composition, process duration) on the growth and morphology of porous anodic SnO x layers, which have already been performed [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], nanostructured anodic tin oxide films have been obtained mostly on tin foils [24,26,28,30,32] or smooth Sn layers electrochemically deposited on conductive supports [25,27]. To the best of our knowledge, no researches concerning possibilities of fabrication of nanoporous SnO x on micro/nano-structured metallic substrates have been reported, except the approach proposed by Wu et al [33] based on the oxidation of Sn nanowire arrays prepared using template-assisted electrodeposition.…”

Self‐Organized Arrays of SnO2 Microplates with Photocatalytic and Antimicrobial Properties

“…Lower applied voltages lead to a surface passivation by precipitation of tin oxalate , . The formation of porous tin oxide structures in alkaline solution was studied under various conditions . Schmuki and co‐workers introduced an anodization approach in an acetonitrile/water mixture‐based electrolyte containing Na 2 S and NH 4 F to obtain functional, high‐aspect ratio, ordered tin oxide films with regular nanochannel structures and top‐open pores.…”