Electrochemical formation of viologen nano/microsized wires and tubes by potential sweep technique combined with micellar disruption method

Hoshino, Katsuyoshi; Karato, Toshihiko; Kim, Sang-Kook; Yamada, Yuya; Ebine, Toshihiko

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2008.04.083

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…The hydrophobic viologen compound used in this study was 1,1′-didodecyl-4,4′-bipyridinium (DDV 2+ ) dibromide, , which was synthesized according to a published method. − This viologen compound is soluble in organic solvents (1-butanol, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, methyl ethyl ketone, chloroform, and N , N ′-dimethylformamide) and is almost colorless and transparent. However, it undergoes a one-electron reduction reaction (DDV 2+ + e – ⇌ DDV + ) to become a colored cation radical and returns to the original transparent/colorless state by the reoxidation reaction. The DDV 2+ is highly hydrophobic and is water-insoluble. , Nanoparticle film electrodes were prepared by applying a mixed dispersion of nanoparticles and DDV 2+ ·2Br – to ITO or FTO.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic Properties of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles/Viologen Composite Film Electrodes

2018

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Electrochromic substances supported on metal oxide nanoparticle layers have found application in electrodes for electronic paper and smart windows. In addition to applications of technological importance, the nanospaces created by the nanoparticles are scientifically important as they provide specific electrochemical reaction fields. Herein, the electrochromic properties of the composite film electrodes consisting of viologen and a metal oxide (SnO2, Al-doped ZnO, and ZnO) on an indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass plate were investigated. All the electrodes exhibited electrochromism ranging from purple to white (or yellowish-white). However, the coloring uniformity, coloring concentration, and response times of coloring/decoloring depended on the nature of the nanoparticles, the reason for which is discussed on the basis of the difference in the mixing state of the nanoparticle–viologen system and the difference in the hydrophilicity of the nanospaces. The SnO2–viologen/ITO electrode demonstrated the most promising electrochromic performance. The ZnO–viologen/ITO electrode exhibited specific electrochromism in that the supported amount of viologen was controlled by pre-exposure to white light, thereby allowing image patterns and gradation images to display electrochromic behavior. Finally, an indium-free electrode, SnO2–viologen/FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide-coated glass plate), was prepared. Reflecting the higher chemical affinity of SnO2 for FTO, the electrode demonstrated the highest electrochromic performance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic Properties of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles/Viologen Composite Film Electrodes

2018

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“…ITO nanoparticles (Nanotek1 Powder ITO-R, average particle size: 30 nm) were purchased from C. I. Kasei Co., Ltd., 19 and were used as received. The viologen compound used in this study was 1,19-didodecyl-4,49-bipyridinium (DDV 2+ ) dibromide, 20,21 which was synthesized according to a literature method. [22][23][24] This viologen compound is soluble in organic solvents (1butanol, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, methylethylketone, chloroform and dimethylformamide) and almost colorless and transparent.…”

Section: Preparation Of Composite Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it becomes a colored cation radical by a one-electron reduction reaction. 21 It returns to the initial transparent/colorless state by the re-oxidation reaction. The DDV 2+ is highly hydrophobic and is water-insoluble.…”

Section: Preparation Of Composite Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DDV 2+ is highly hydrophobic and is water-insoluble. 20,21 ITO nanoparticles (1 g) and DDV 2+ ?2Br 2 (0.05 g) were added to 1-butanol (9 g), and they were subjected to supersonic treatment in the bath-type sonicator (AS ONE Co., model USK-2R) for 30 min or more to prepare a slurry. The coating of the slurry on an ITO substrate was done by the dip-coating method.…”

Section: Preparation Of Composite Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochromic properties of ITO nanoparticles/viologen composite film electrodes

Nakajima

Yamada

Komatsu³

et al. 2012

RSC Adv.

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“…This film formation technique is simple, cost‐effective and can be applied to many compounds. It is not only suitable for organic compounds, [16c, 17] but also for polymers [18] and fullerenes [19] . Unlike general electrochemical film formation processes via electrochemical reactions where the starting compounds undergo reactions, this approach gives films of intact organic compounds carried by micelles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Gradient and Patterned Organic Thin Films by Bipolar Electrolytic Micelle Disruption Using Redox‐Active Surfactants

et al. 2021

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Bipolar electrochemistry could be regarded as a powerful approach for selective surface modification due to the beneficial feature that a wirelessly controllable potential distribution on bipolar electrodes (BPEs). Herein we report a bipolar electrolytic micelle disruption (BEMD) system for the preparation of shaped organic films. A U‐shaped bipolar electrolytic system with a sigmoidal potential gradient on the BPE gave gradient‐thin films including various interesting organic compounds, such as a polymerizable monomer, an organic pigment and aggregation induced emission (AIE) molecules. The gradient feature was characterized by UV–Vis absorption, thickness measurements and surface morphology analysis. Corresponding patterned films were also fabricated using a cylindrical bipolar electrolytic setup that enables site‐selective application of the potential on the BPE. Such a facile BEMD approach will open a long‐term perspective with respect to organic film preparation.

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Electrochemical formation of viologen nano/microsized wires and tubes by potential sweep technique combined with micellar disruption method

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

Electrochromic Properties of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles/Viologen Composite Film Electrodes

Electrochromic Properties of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles/Viologen Composite Film Electrodes

Electrochromic properties of ITO nanoparticles/viologen composite film electrodes

Fabrication of Gradient and Patterned Organic Thin Films by Bipolar Electrolytic Micelle Disruption Using Redox‐Active Surfactants

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