Electrochemical Detection of TNT by Differential Pulse Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry at Carbon Paste Electrode Modified by 1‐Butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate

Detection of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Using a Miniaturized, Disposable Electrochemical Sensor with an Ionic Liquid Gel-Polymer Electrolyte Film

“…In the “wet” water-saturated RTILs, it is possible that the reaction mechanism may be altered due to the presence of water. Vu et al suggested that the following reaction scheme takes place for each of the nitro groups when protons (from the solvent) are present: …”

“…A linear range from 1.5 to 30 ppm was demonstrated, with a detection limit of 88.6 parts per billion, and the sensor showed good stability and reproducibility. Although these studies − have shown that TNT can be detected in aqueous solutions using RTILs, they all employ a relatively large working electrode and require the use of an external reference and counter electrode, which makes the setup quite bulky. Additionally, supporting electrolyte was required, complicating sample preparation steps.…”

“…16 A detection limit of 4 ppm was reported using adsorptive stripping voltammetry, and the setup was applied to real samples such as ground water, tap water, and lake water. Vu et al 17 used differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry at a carbon paste electrode with graphite powder, paraffin oil, and an ionic liquid for the detection of TNT. A linear range from 1.5 to 30 ppm was demonstrated, with a detection limit of 88.6 parts per billion, and the sensor showed good stability and reproducibility.…”

Screening of several oxides used as efficient electrocatalysists for detection of 2,4‐dimethyl phenol in aqueous medium

“…The Ox-CPE was prepared following the similar procedures according to the previous papers. [16,17] Briefly, the Ox-CPE was constructed by mixing thoroughly graphite powder (Sigma, 20 µm), paraffin oil (Wako, Japan) and fabricated oxides with ratio of carbon paste, paraffin oil and oxides as 71:4:25 (% in weight). A mixture was carefully ground in an agate mortar for 20 minutes then the mixture was tightly packed into one end of teflon tube (5 mm internal diameter) and a copper wire (2 mm diameter) was inserted through the opposite end for electrical contact.…”