Electrochemical Biosensor based on Pt/Au Alloy Nanowire Arrays for Phosphate Detection

Abstract

Well aligned Pt/Au alloy nanowire arrays are successfully synthesized and used as the substrate for the construction of phosphate biosensors. Pyruvate oxidase is immobilized onto the nanowire surface together with co-factors via cross linking approach. Morphology, composition, structure and chemical state of the nanowires are characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS and XPS, and the electrochemical behaviors of the as-prepared phosphate biosensors are investigated by cyclic voltammogramic and chronoamperometric techniques. Especially, the influence of the composition and aspect ratio of Pt/Au alloy nanowire arrays on the response of phosphate biosensors are studied as well. The present phosphate biosensor shows a high sensitivity of 50.5 μA • cm −2 • mM −1 and a wide linear range between 248 and 1456 μM toward the detection of phosphate. In addition, the biosensor also exhibits good selectivity and stability, which promises great potential in phosphate detection applications.

A Review of Nanocomposite-Modified Electrochemical Sensors for Water Quality Monitoring

“…As a result, the actual phosphate biosensor has high sensitivity and a wide linear range towards phosphate detection. In addition, it exhibits good selectivity and stability, promising high potential in phosphate detection applications [ 223 ].…”

Poly(pyrrole‐co‐pyrrole‐2‐carboxylic acid)/Pyruvate Oxidase Based Biosensor for Phosphate: Determination of the Potential, and Application in Streams

“…reported that differ- ent catalytic property was observed at varied potential. Phosphate at varied concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 mM generated current in a wide potential scale ranging between À 0.2 and + 0.1 V, not at a constant potential value, by using CV technique in their paper [3]. Ogabiela et al achieved phosphate detection at different potential ranges within 0 and À 0.3 V, or within + 0.2 and + 0.6 V [30].…”

“…Increased phosphate concentration leads to eutrophication (algal bloom) in natural water sources such as lakes, reservoirs, dams etc. Dissolved oxygen concentration of these sources decreases by eutrophication, and the quality of life in natural water damages due to the death of fish and other aquatic animals [3,4]. Phosphates and other substances found in wastewater and industrial sources are treated before being released into the environment and millions of dollars are spent on these treatment processes in the world [5].…”

“…Phosphate determination with an enzymatic biosensor is based on multi/mono‐enzymatic reactions where phosphate acts as substrate and inhibitor . Several enzyme pairs such as pyruvate oxidase and maltose phosphorylase, alkaline phosphatase and glucose oxidase , purine nucleoside phosphorylase and xanthine oxidase , mutarotase and glucose oxidase , phosphoglucomutase and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase , have been used for this purpose . In the multi‐enzyme systems, generally, the product of the first enzymatic reaction is substrate of the second one.…”

Cu‐Based Nanoparticles as Emerging Environmental Catalysts

“…The bimetallic NPs have been highly sought for diverse catalytic applications as they have improved activity compared to their monometallic counterparts. Among all the bimetallic nanocatalysts noble metal based bimetallic nanocatalyst have been studied more frequently . However, high cost and scarcity of the noble metals limit their practical applications in large scale processes.…”