Electrochemical Behavior of Silver-Copper Alloys in Voltammetry of Microparticles: A Simple Method for Screening Purposes

Cepriá, Gemma; Abadías, Olga; Pérez-Arantegui, Josefina; Castillo, Juan R.

doi:10.1002/1521-4109(200104)13:6<477::aid-elan477>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In positive‐going voltammograms (Figure b,d) a main tall oxidation peak appears at 0.0 V (A 1 ), usually presenting peak splitting, often followed by a second oxidation peak at +0.45 V (A2). This voltammetry can be interpreted on the basis of abundant literature on copper and silver corrosion products and previous results . Accordingly, the peak C 1 can be attributed to the reduction of cuprite (Cu 2 O) superimposed to the reduction of copper corrosion products of the malachite, brochantite and/or atacamite minerals, often accompanied by the reduction of AgCl.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Characterization of Coinage Techniques the 17^th Century: The maravedís Case

Doménech‐Carbó

Romero

et al. 2017

Electroanalysis

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The voltammetry of immobilized particles (VIMP) methodology was applied to the discrimination of Spanish maravedis produced in 10 different mints between 1661 and 1664 using characteristic signatures for the reduction of cuprite and tenorite in the patina of the coins and catalytic effects on the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The variation of the apparent tenorite/cuprite ratio with depth was fitted to potential laws differing from one mint to another for A Coruña, Burgos, Córdoba, Cuenca, Granada, Madrid, Trujillo, Segovia, Sevilla and Valladolid coins. Electrochemical data permitted to detect the changes in the composition (with lowering of the silver content) and manufacturing technique (from hammer to mill) occurring in this historical period.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The signals recorded in positive‐going potential scans can be unambiguously attributed to the oxidative dissolution of the metal deposits generated as a result of the above reduction processes. The peak A 1 corresponds to copper oxidation and the peak A 2 to the oxidation of silver to silver acetate .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Characterization of Coinage Techniques the 17^th Century: The maravedís Case

Doménech‐Carbó

Romero

et al. 2017

Electroanalysis

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“…−1.0 V (CHER). Upon scanning the potential in the positive direction, a tall oxidation peak appeared at −0.70 V (A 2 ) preceding the main anodic signal (A 1 ) consisting of overlapped peaks at +0.05 and +0.20 V. This voltammetric behavior can be interpreted on the basis of recent literature on silver 1 , 3 , 35 , 36 , and copper 37 – 39 corrosion products confirming the presence of cuprite, often accompanied by tenorite, silver oxide, silver chloride and silver sulfide as main components of the patina of coins.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

FIB-FESEM and EMPA results on Antoninianus silver coins for manufacturing and corrosion processes

Doménech‐Carbó

Turo

Montoya

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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A set of ancient Antoninianus silver coins, dating back between 249 and 274 A.D. and minted in Rome, Galliae, Orient and Ticinum, have been characterized. We use, for the first time, a combination of nano-invasive (focused ion beam-field emission scanning electron microscopy-X-ray microanalysis (FIB-FESEM-EDX), voltammetry of microparticles (VIMP)) and destructive techniques (scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA)) along with non-invasive, i.e., micro-Raman spectroscopy. The results revealed that, contrary to the extended belief, a complex Ag-Cu-Pb-Sn alloy was used. The use of alloys was common in the flourishing years of the Roman Empire. In the prosperous periods, Romans produced Ag-Cu alloys with relatively high silver content for the manufacture of both the external layers and inner nucleus of coins. This study also revealed that, although surface silvering processes were applied in different periods of crisis under the reign of Antoninii, even during crisis, Romans produced Antoninianus of high quality. Moreover, a first attempt to improve the silvering procedure using Hg-Ag amalgam has been identified.

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“…For silverbased materials, voltammetric microparticle analysis has been applied to silver tarnish products [4]and silver alloys [5]. In recent work on silver nanoparticle electrochemistry in solution, the Bimpact^of these nanoparticles [6] and the resulting redox conversion [7] were employed to obtain nanoparticle size, shape [8], and reactivity [9] information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox reactivity at silver microparticle—glassy carbon contacts under a coating of polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM)

Rauwel

Malpass‐Evans

et al. 2017

J Solid State Electrochem

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Silver microparticles (ca. 1 μm average size clustered into cage-like aggregates of 10-20 μm diameter) are shown to adhere to a glassy carbon electrode surface to give voltammetric current responses, which are considerably enhanced/stabilised when applying a coating with a molecularly rigid polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-EA-TB). In preliminary voltammetric experiments characteristic Ag(0/I) surface oxidation and back-reduction processes are observed in aqueous phosphate buffer (associated with silver phosphate layer formation on the silver surface). In contrast to the oxidation, which is dominated by a nucleation process causing a sharp well-defined current signal, for the back-reduction stochastic current responses are observed possibly associated with density fluctuations in the surrounding liquid phase (BBrownian activation^) as an essential part of the mechanism of conversion of surface-oxidised silver back to silver metal.

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Electrochemical Behavior of Silver-Copper Alloys in Voltammetry of Microparticles: A Simple Method for Screening Purposes

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Electrochemical Characterization of Coinage Techniques the 17^th Century: The maravedís Case

Electrochemical Characterization of Coinage Techniques the 17^th Century: The maravedís Case

FIB-FESEM and EMPA results on Antoninianus silver coins for manufacturing and corrosion processes

Redox reactivity at silver microparticle—glassy carbon contacts under a coating of polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM)

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Electrochemical Behavior of Silver-Copper Alloys in Voltammetry of Microparticles: A Simple Method for Screening Purposes

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Electrochemical Characterization of Coinage Techniques the 17th Century: The maravedís Case

Electrochemical Characterization of Coinage Techniques the 17th Century: The maravedís Case

FIB-FESEM and EMPA results on Antoninianus silver coins for manufacturing and corrosion processes

Redox reactivity at silver microparticle—glassy carbon contacts under a coating of polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Electrochemical Characterization of Coinage Techniques the 17^th Century: The maravedís Case

Electrochemical Characterization of Coinage Techniques the 17^th Century: The maravedís Case