2017
DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600751
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Electrochemical Aspects of Mass Spectrometry: Atmospheric Pressure Ionization and Ambient Ionization for Bioanalysis

Abstract: This MiniReview details the evolution and present state of combined electrochemical (EC) and atmospheric pressure sampling/ionization mass spectrometric (MS) techniques, with an emphasis on biologically relevant investigations. Particular attention is paid to how innate EC processes can be exploited to gain additional information about an analyte, and how these effects influence experimental design. A general overview of EC‐MS techniques underscores the complementary nature of the two techniques.

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Cited by 13 publications
(10 citation statements)
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References 211 publications
(421 reference statements)
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“…[48][49][50] The combination of a microfluidic chip and MS (Chip-MS) has been demonstrated for rapid detection and the analysis of single-cell metabolites. 34,36,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57] We have developed multi-functional probes with submicrometer dimensions for single-cell operation including electric cell lysis, mRNA quantification, and electrochemical monitoring of reporter gene expression. For this purpose, the glass pipette probe was coated with Pt/Ti by sputtering deposition equipment, and subsequently insulated with parylene C (Fig.…”
Section: •1 Multi-functional Probesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[48][49][50] The combination of a microfluidic chip and MS (Chip-MS) has been demonstrated for rapid detection and the analysis of single-cell metabolites. 34,36,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57] We have developed multi-functional probes with submicrometer dimensions for single-cell operation including electric cell lysis, mRNA quantification, and electrochemical monitoring of reporter gene expression. For this purpose, the glass pipette probe was coated with Pt/Ti by sputtering deposition equipment, and subsequently insulated with parylene C (Fig.…”
Section: •1 Multi-functional Probesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Electrochemical reactions can be used to oxidize or reduce analytes so as to improve the ionization of analytes for mass spectrometric analysis. [13] The development of EC-MS coupling is synchronized with the advent of ion sources of mass spectrometers which often serve as a part of the interface between an EC cell and a mass spectrometer. The work regarding the coupling of EC and MS originated in the early 1970s, when Brukkenstein and Gadde [14] used a teflon membrane porous platinum electrode so that gaseous products of NO and N 2 O generated at different potentials could permeate the membrane for the following ionization by electron impact.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this hyphenation, MS has often been used due to its high sensitivity and specificity for determination of electrochemical reactions, providing structural information unavailable from EC methods. Electrochemical reactions can be used to oxidize or reduce analytes so as to improve the ionization of analytes for mass spectrometric analysis [13] …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, by scanning the sampling area on the sample, the distribution of chemical components can be imaged. to comprehensive reviews of atmospheric pressure sampling ionization, [31][32][33] chemical measurements 34) , metabolite measurements 35) and medical measurements 36,37) .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%