Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes (EAOP) to degrade per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs)

Abstract

Abstract:Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been recently listed as emerging contaminants (ECs) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) due to their human and environmental health concerns. In the last 10 years, their detection and remediation have progressed significantly. Herein, we critically review recent developments in electrochemical advanced oxidation process (EAOP) towards their remediation. Particular attentions are paid to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), which present the main concerns of PFASs at this time. Due to the persistence of those PFASs, other remediation approaches may experience difficulty in degrading them, whilst EAOP has demonstrated success. The fundamentals of EAOP are highlighted and the scale-up application is discussed regarding the future research directions.

Recent advances in electrocatalysts for halogenated organic pollutant degradation

“…Although it is highly difficult to compare the efficiency of different degradation methods due to various target pollutants, initial concentrations, source of pollution, experimental setups and different physicochemical parameters of these processes applied, 22 electrocatalysis distinguishes itself from these methods for its easy implementation, high energy efficiency, amenability of automation and safety, versatility, high effectiveness, universal degradation capability, as well as environmental compatibility. 1, [23][24][25][26] As a destructive technology for HOPs degradation, 27 especially for those persistent perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), electrocatalysis has attracted much more attention recently. 28 Several previous publications have discussed the application of electrocatalysis in the dehalogenation process.…”

A combined current density technique for the electrochemical oxidation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) with boron‐doped diamond

“…Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are manmade chemicals used in various consumer and industrial products (Houde et al ., 2006; Carter and Farrell, 2008; Rahman et al ., 2014; Merino et al ., 2016; Fang et al ., 2017; Kucharzyk et al ., 2017; Schaider et al ., 2017). They have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components (Espana et al ., 2015; Fang et al ., 2017; Trojanowicz et al ., 2018). The commonly known group of PFAS is the perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAA).…”

Wastewater treatment of internal and individual drainage systems electrochemical processes

“…Napredni oksidacijski procesi (NOP) koriste slobodne radikale za razgradnju postojanih organskih i neorganskih onečišćivača [5]. Slobodni radikali su atomi ili molekule koji su sposobni samostalno postojati te posjeduju jedan ili više nesparenih (slobodnih) elektrona, a neki od njih su superoksidni radikali (O 2…”

“…Neke od prednosti ENOP-a su: energetska učinkovitost, automatizacija procesa, potrebna je jednostavna oprema, sigurnost zbog upravljanja u blagim klimatskim uvjetima (sobna temperatura i tlak), primjenjivi su za različite vrste onečišćenja te su zbog izostanka dodavanja kemikalija ekološki prihvatljiviji od drugih NOP-a. Međutim, velika potrošnja električne energije, niska provodljivost većine otpadnih voda i kratkotrajnost materijala elektroda neki su od nedostataka ove metode [5,7]. Učinkovitost i raznolikost ENOP-a dokazane su njihovim korištenjem za uklanjanje različitih vrsta onečišćenja iz sintetičkih otopina koje sadrže fenole, boje, pesticide i lijekove, ali i iz stvarnih industrijskih otpadnih voda.…”