Electrocatalytic hydrogenation of organic compounds using current density gradient and sacrificial anode of nickel

Electrocatalytic hydrogenation of organic compounds using a nickel sacrificial anode

“…This may be minimized by using a current density gradient, which involves the use of an elevated initial current density, which is diminished with time [43].…”

“…• Selectivity was observed only in the hydrogenation of the 2-cyclohexen-1-one. • Reactions involving more concentrated solutions could be carried out with elevated current densities, see [43].…”

A factorial design analysis of (+)-pulegone electrocatalytic hydrogenation

“…A pre-electrolysis was started and a constant current density (J = 350 mA dm À2 ) was applied until consumption of 60 C [6]; nickel deposition was observed on the cathode. The substrate (0.002 mol), dissolved in 5 mL of the electrolytic solution (H 2 O/co-solvent (1:1)), was added to the electrochemical system and the electrolysis was carried out using a current density gradient, initially at 350 mA dm À2 [6,9]. After passage of the first half charge necessary to a theoretical hydrogenation of a C@C bond, the current density was decreased to 300 mA dm À2 (passing the second half charge), and successively to 250 (third half charge), 200 (fourth half charge) and 175 mA dm À2 .…”

“…Ni, Pt, Pd and Rh catalysts were used in the electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of a large variety of organic compounds, such as aromatic and unsaturated hydrocarbons [5][6][7][8][9][10], glucose [11,12], diamines and aminonitriles [13], aldehydes [9], ketones [6], diketones [14], nicotine [15] and unsaturated esters [16,17].…”

Atualizando a química orgânica experimental da licenciatura

“…Hidrogenação eletrocatalítica (HEC) do benzaldeído 8 Os resultados obtidos na redução de olefinas conjugadas (2-ciclo-hexen-1-ona, benzaldeído, acetofenonas, estireno, etc) demonstraram que o método de HEC em cela unitária utilizando ânodo de sacrifício (Esquema 1) pode proporcionar seletividade aliada a excelentes rendimentos (88-95%) e boa eficiência eletroquímica (50-80%) 16,17 .…”