Electrocatalyst deterioration due to cathodic and anodic wear and means for retarding electrocatalyst deterioration

Direct methanol oxidation at low overpotentials using Pt nanoparticles electrodeposited at ultrathin conductive RuO2 nanoskins

“…1,43,44 For example, the mixed proton/electron-conducting character of RuO 2 nanoskins 1,2 makes them viable candidates as carbon-free, ionomer-free supports for DMFC fuel cell catalysts; 4 such attributes simultaneously simplify anode design and eliminate the problem of carbon corrosion inherent to carbon-supported DMFC catalysts and proton exchange membrane fuel cell catalysts. [45][46][47][48][49][50] Experimental procedure Reagents Chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (H 2 PtCl 6 6H 2 O, Sigma-Aldrich), sodium sulphate (Na 2 SO 4 , $99%, Sigma-Aldrich), perchloric acid (HClO 4 , 70%, double-distilled, GFS Chemicals), sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 . 99.999%, Sigma-Aldrich), methanol (CH 3 OH, 99.9%, Fisher Scientific), copper sulphate (CuSO 4 , 98%, Alfa Aesar), ultrahigh purity argon (Ar, Praxair), carbon monoxide (CO, 99.999%, AGT), petroleum ether (Fisher Scientific, certified ACS), and ruthenium tetroxide (RuO 4 , 0.5% aqueous solution, Strem Chemicals) were used as received.…”

Pd Supported on Titanium Nitride for Efficient Ethanol Oxidation

“…[24][25][26][27][28][29][30] The corroded carbon support cannot hold the catalyst on its surface leading to aggregation or sintering of noble metal particles (reduces electrochemically active surface area) and often resulting in oxidation and subsequent leaching of the catalyst. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Corrosion of the support/catalyst happens mainly because they are exposed to aggressive electrolytes, high temperature and pressure, and high humidity. Carbon is known to undergo corrosion even at open circuit voltages of the fuel cell.…”

Platinum particles supported on titanium nitride: an efficient electrode material for the oxidation of methanol in alkaline media

“…8,19,23 It is reported that the conventional carbon support for precious metal catalysts is prone to corrosion in the aggressive electrolytes that are often encountered in fuel cells. [24][25][26][27] A corroded carbon support poorly holds the Pt catalyst on its surface which further leads to the aggregation or sintering of Pt particles (reducing the electrochemically active surface area) resulting in the loss of performance and also the oxidation of the metal. [24][25][26][27] Oxidized Pt is known to catalyze fuel cell reactions very poorly.…”

“…[24][25][26][27] A corroded carbon support poorly holds the Pt catalyst on its surface which further leads to the aggregation or sintering of Pt particles (reducing the electrochemically active surface area) resulting in the loss of performance and also the oxidation of the metal. [24][25][26][27] Oxidized Pt is known to catalyze fuel cell reactions very poorly. [24][25][26][27] Corrosion of the carbon support is reported even at open circuit voltages of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) necessitating studies to replace carbon with durable materials without affecting the performance of the catalyst.…”

“…[24][25][26][27] Oxidized Pt is known to catalyze fuel cell reactions very poorly. [24][25][26][27] Corrosion of the carbon support is reported even at open circuit voltages of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) necessitating studies to replace carbon with durable materials without affecting the performance of the catalyst.…”