Electrocatalysis of polysulfide conversion via sulfur–cobalt CoS2 on a carbon nanotube surface as a cathode for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Su, Wenxiao; Feng, Wangjun; Wang, Shejun; Chen, Linjing; Li, Miaomiao; Song, Changkun

doi:10.1007/s10008-019-04301-w

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Two prominent cathodic peaks at 2.30 and 2.02 V could be attributed to the reduction of sulfur to higher-order soluble lithium polysulfides (Li 2 S n , 4 ≤ n ≤ 8) and ultimately to insoluble Li 2 S/Li 2 S 2 , respectively. In the succeeding anodic scan, only one peak at about 2.46 V is observed, as a result of the oxidation of Li 2 S to lithium polysulfides [16,27,28]. During the first four cycles, there are no significant changes for both anodic and cathodic peaks, confirming the high reversibility and electrochemical stability of the cathode.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Confine sulfur in double-hollow carbon sphere integrated with carbon nanotubes for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries

Walle

Liu

2021

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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The lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are promising because of the high energy density, low cost, and natural abundance of sulfur material. Li–S batteries have suffered from severe capacity fading and poor cyclability, resulting in low sulfur utilization. Herein, S-DHCS/CNTs are synthesized by integration of a double-hollow carbon sphere (DHCS) with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and the addition of sulfur in DHCS by melt impregnations. The proposed S-DHCS/CNTs can effectively confine sulfur and physically suppress the diffusion of polysulfides within the double-hollow structures. CNTs act as a conductive agent. S-DHCS/CNTs maintain the volume variations and accommodate high sulfur content 73 wt%. The designed S-DHCS/CNTs electrode with high sulfur loading (3.3 mg cm−2) and high areal capacity (5.6 mAh mg cm−2) shows a high initial specific capacity of 1709 mAh g−1 and maintains a reversible capacity of 730 mAh g−1 after 48 cycles at 0.2 C with high coulombic efficiency (100%). This work offers a fascinating strategy to design carbon-based material for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Confine sulfur in double-hollow carbon sphere integrated with carbon nanotubes for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries

Walle

Liu

2021

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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“…However, too high CoS loading may lead to higher sulfur adsorption and cause barriers for charge transport. 41 The 10% CoS@MWCNTs oxidation peak also shifts to a higher voltage, which suggests insufficient CoS, leading to weak sulfur adsorption to promote charge transfer. 41 The 20% CoS@ MWCNTs has an optimal amount CoS, and its oxidation peak shifted to 2.51 V, which is smaller than 10 and 30% CoS samples to enhance charge transfer and provide sufficient adsorption energy (Figure 6b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41 The 10% CoS@MWCNTs oxidation peak also shifts to a higher voltage, which suggests insufficient CoS, leading to weak sulfur adsorption to promote charge transfer. 41 The 20% CoS@ MWCNTs has an optimal amount CoS, and its oxidation peak shifted to 2.51 V, which is smaller than 10 and 30% CoS samples to enhance charge transfer and provide sufficient adsorption energy (Figure 6b). There is some abnormal behavior from 2.7 to 2.9 V for the 30% CoS@MWCNT sample, which may be attributed to a high CoS loading, leading to poisoning of active materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…39 Gao et al 40 used cobalt sulfide (CoS) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a sulfur host in the cathode and achieved an initial discharge energy capacity of around 1161 mAh/g at 0.1 C; which dropped quickly to 923 mAh/g after 10 cycles. Su et al 41 employed cobalt disulfide (CoS 2 ) with CNTs as nanostructured sulfur host materials in the cathode and exhibited an initial capacity of 1200 mAh/g and the reversible capacity was around 84% after 200 cycles at 0.2 C. Yu et al 42 reported a method to combine CoS with graphene nanoflakes and apply the composites as the cathode in Li−S batteries with an initial discharge energy capacity of around 1247 mAh/g, which dropped to 676 mAh/g after 100 cycles at 0.5 C (capacity retention of 54.2%). However, their work utilized sulfur loading with only 1 mg/cm 2 in the cathode and demonstrated limited cycling stability, which are not practical for the application of Li−S batteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facile Synthesis of CoS Nanoparticles Anchored on the Surface of Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Cathode Materials for Advanced Li–S Batteries

Wang

Zeng

2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The effects of CoS loading (10, 20, and 30%) on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on electrochemical performance for Li−S batteries were investigated. A facile hydrothermal method was used to grow CoS nanoparticles in situ on the surface of MWCNTs. In addition, CoS on functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) was also investigated. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Xray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the structure and electronic state of CoS on the surface of MWCNTs and f-MWCNTs. The initial discharge capacities and reversible specific capacities after 200 cycles were found to be 980 and 612 mAh/g, 990 and 707 mAh/g, and 959 and 658 mAh/g for the 10, 20, and 30% CoS samples, respectively. Interestingly, the 20% CoS@MWCNTs show the best initial discharge capacity and retention after 200 cycles. This finding can be attributed to the fact that high CoS loading (30%) may not be dispersed evenly on the MWCNT surface, while low CoS loading (10%) leads to fewer CoS and weaker adsorption for polysulfides. Moreover, the 20% CoS/f-MWCNTs show even higher initial discharge capacities of 1103 mAh/g and reversible specific capacities of 796 mAh/g after 200 cycles. This can be attributed to a rougher surface with more active sites on f-MWCNTs for trapping polysulfides and for enhancing the electronic conductivity of the cathode composite. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra show prominent peaks at 162.7 and 163.9 eV, which correspond to Co−S and C−S bonds, respectively, suggesting that CoS bonds well with MWCNTs. It is postulated that CoS/f-MWCNTs play a role in adsorbing lithium polysulfides (LPS) during the charge and discharge process and accelerating the kinetics of polysulfide conversion.

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“…27 Cobaltbased composite catalysts have been recently investigated as sulfur hosts in Li−S batteries. This includes cobalt nitride nanoparticles embedded in porous carbon nanosheet arrays, 28 cobalt phthalocyanine, 29 cobalt-embedded carbon nanofibers, 30 CoS 2 /carbon/sulfur composites, 31,32 and Co 3 O 4 nanoparticle-embedded mesoporous carbon rods. 33 Although other works based on cobalt-based composites for Li−S batteries are reported in the literature, the catalytic behavior is not investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cobalt Oxide/Graphene Nanosheets/Hexagonal Boron Nitride (Co₃O₄/CoO/GNS/h-BN) Catalyst for High Sulfur Utilization in Li–S Batteries at Elevated Temperatures

2021

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The high theoretical energy density and low cost of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries make them promising candidates for future energy storage devices. Here, we developed Co3O4/CoO/graphene nanosheets (GNS)/hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanocomposite-based sulfur as cathodes for Li–S batteries. Due to the synergistic effects of GNS/h-BN and Co3O4/CoO, the reported Co3O4/CoO/GNS/h-BN nanocomposites not only effectively trap lithium polysulfides but also can accelerate the redox kinetics for the conversion of polysulfides. The enhanced electrochemical activity of Co3O4/CoO/GNS/h-BN is due to the (111) exposed surface of Co3O4 and the formation of CoO on Co3O4, which is the catalytically active phase of Co3O4-based catalysts. GNS/h-BN provides a large surface area for the high exposure of the Co3O4/CoO catalyst and can also influence the catalytic activity due to enhanced charge transfer. Co3O4/CoO/GNS/h-BN/S nanocomposites showed superior electrochemical performances and high sulfur utilization compared to GNS/h-BN/S and Co3O4/CoO/S. More significantly, a very high capacity retention of 89% was obtained with a reversible capacity of 356.29 mA h/g after 250 cycles at a current rate of 1 C. Also, enhanced redox conversion of lithium polysulfides was observed when the cell was operated at higher temperatures. Besides cobalt oxide, other metal oxides such as Fe2O3 and SnO2 on GNS/h-BN could also be potential candidates for high-performance Li–S batteries.

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Electrocatalysis of polysulfide conversion via sulfur–cobalt CoS2 on a carbon nanotube surface as a cathode for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Cited by 16 publications

References 55 publications

Confine sulfur in double-hollow carbon sphere integrated with carbon nanotubes for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries

Confine sulfur in double-hollow carbon sphere integrated with carbon nanotubes for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries

Facile Synthesis of CoS Nanoparticles Anchored on the Surface of Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Cathode Materials for Advanced Li–S Batteries

Cobalt Oxide/Graphene Nanosheets/Hexagonal Boron Nitride (Co₃O₄/CoO/GNS/h-BN) Catalyst for High Sulfur Utilization in Li–S Batteries at Elevated Temperatures

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Electrocatalysis of polysulfide conversion via sulfur–cobalt CoS2 on a carbon nanotube surface as a cathode for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Cited by 16 publications

References 55 publications

Confine sulfur in double-hollow carbon sphere integrated with carbon nanotubes for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries

Confine sulfur in double-hollow carbon sphere integrated with carbon nanotubes for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries

Facile Synthesis of CoS Nanoparticles Anchored on the Surface of Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Cathode Materials for Advanced Li–S Batteries

Cobalt Oxide/Graphene Nanosheets/Hexagonal Boron Nitride (Co3O4/CoO/GNS/h-BN) Catalyst for High Sulfur Utilization in Li–S Batteries at Elevated Temperatures

Contact Info

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Cobalt Oxide/Graphene Nanosheets/Hexagonal Boron Nitride (Co₃O₄/CoO/GNS/h-BN) Catalyst for High Sulfur Utilization in Li–S Batteries at Elevated Temperatures