Electrocardiographic abnormalities in treatment-naïve HIV subjects in south-east Nigeria

Okoye, Innocent Chukwuemeka; Anyabolu, Ernest Ndukaife

doi:10.5830/cvja-2017-013

Cited by 10 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The prevalence of sinus tachycardia was higher than any other ECG abnormality among HIV patients in this study. This pattern has also been observed in other (11,28). High heart rate has been observed as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…However, such data are not available for Chinese HIV patients who may also experience high prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis (21). In the present study, we observed relatively high prevalence of sinus tachycardia and ST-T segment elevation in HIV-positive individuals, although the prevalence is slightly lower than that reported by studies in south-east Africa (11) and USA (22,23). Such differences reflect global diversities in a confluence of CVD risk factors that may or may not be directly associated with HIV among PLWH, such as environmental exposures, lifestyle, nutrition, coinfections, access to ART and healthcare continuum (24)(25)(26).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

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Electrocardiographic abnormalities among people with HIV in Shanghai, China

Shen

Zhu

Ding

et al. 2020

BST

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Wide access to highly effective combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has ostensibly changed HIV infection status in many parts of the world from a fatal diagnosis to a chronic condition. However, extended life expectancy comes with long-term noninfectious comorbidities (NICMs), such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) (1). Prior studies have demonstrated that CVD is more common among the HIV-infected population than HIV-uninfected controls (2,3). This increased risk was partly explained by traditional risk factors of CVD such as smoking, diabetes, age, gender, as well as HIV infection itself, such as CD4 cell count and/or viral load, which is known to cause inflammation response by oxidative stress or coagulation disorders (4-6). However, the relative contributions of conventional cardiovascular risk factors, metabolic side effects of ART, and HIV infection itself on CVD risk are difficult to identify, as these factors frequently occur simultaneously (7). Due to its wide availability, low cost and the accumulating evidence that electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities are predictive of incident cardiovascular events in the general population (8), the 12-lead electrocardiogram is a very useful non-invasive tool for evaluation of cardiac disorders and risks in clinical settings. Several typical ECG parameters, including resting heart rate and markers of abnormal cardiac depolarization/repolarization, have been previously reported to be associated with increased risk of sudden cardiovascular death (SCD) (9,10). Cardiovascular involvement in HIV/AIDS was recognized as part of the pandemic and a wide spectrum of cardiovascular abnormalities including corrected QT (QTc) prolongation, widened spatial QRS-T angle, ST-segment depressions, T-wave changes, and resting heart rate have been widely reported (11-13). Moreover, the association between age, obesity, alcohol consumption, lower CD4 cell count and LV diastolic dysfunction and ECG abnormalities were documented among HIV-positive patients (14,15).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Electrocardiographic abnormalities among people with HIV in Shanghai, China

Shen

Zhu

Ding

et al. 2020

BST

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“…Furthermore, 11% of HIV+/ART+ participants in our study presented with abnormal P wave durations. These findings support Okoye and Anyabolu [ 22 ], who showed that 13% of the HIV+ participants presented with abnormal P waves. They also reported that abnormalities in atrial and ventricular electrical activities were more prevalent in HIV+ participants with a lower BMI.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy Are Independently Associated with Cardiometabolic Variables and Cardiac Electrical Activity in Adults from the Western Cape Region of South Africa

Williams

Kamau

Everson

et al. 2021

JCM

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Cardiovascular-related complications are on the rise in people with HIV/AIDS (PWH); however, the relationship among HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART)-related parameters, cardiovascular risk, and cardiac electrical activity in PWH remain poorly studied, especially in sub-Saharan African populations. We investigated whether HIV and ART are associated with cardiometabolic and cardiac electrical activity in PWH from Worcester in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. This was a cross-sectional study with HIV-negative (HIV−, n = 24) and HIV-positive on ART (HIV+/ART+, n = 63) participants. We obtained demographic, lifestyle, and medical history data and performed anthropometric, clinical assessments, and blood/urine biochemistry. We performed multiple stepwise linear regression analyses to determine independent associations among HIV, ART, cardiometabolic, and electrocardiographic (ECG) variables. HIV+/ART+ independently associated with a lower body mass index (p = 0.004), elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase levels (β: 0.333 (0.130–0.573); p = 0.002), and elevated alanine aminotransferase levels (β: 0.427 (0.224–0.629); p < 0.001) compared to HIV−. Use of second-line ART was positively associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (p = 0.002). Although ECG parameters did not differ between HIV− and HIV+/ART+, viral load positively associated with p-wave duration (0.306 (0.018–0.594); p = 0.038), and longer HIV duration (≥5 years) with ST-interval (0.270 (0.003–0.537); p = 0.047) after adjusting for confounding factors. Our findings suggest that HIV and ART are associated with mixed effects on this population’s cardiometabolic profile and cardiac electrical activity, underpinning the importance of cardiovascular risk monitoring in PWH.

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“…An abnormal ECG was present in 175 (70%) of the 250 treatment-naive HIV-positive subjects, and 70 (35%) of the 200 HIV-negative subjects [27].…”

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Women Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment at Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

E¹,

Ogbu²

2017

J Biomedical Sci

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Electrocardiographic abnormalities in treatment-naïve HIV subjects in south-east Nigeria

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Electrocardiographic abnormalities among people with HIV in Shanghai, China

Electrocardiographic abnormalities among people with HIV in Shanghai, China

HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy Are Independently Associated with Cardiometabolic Variables and Cardiac Electrical Activity in Adults from the Western Cape Region of South Africa

Prevalence of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Women Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment at Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

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