“…The end width of the taper is sufficiently small, less than I tim, to ensure that the taper's effective index is insignificant, to minimize any reflections, and to maximize coupling. The asymmetric twin-waveguide has been used to integrate a wide variety of devices, such as lasers, SOAs, modulators, photodetectors, and other components [9][10][11][12]. We have implemented the ATW method for the integration of the passive waveguides with the SOAs in the PIC under design, fabrication and characterization.…”