Electro-Persulfate Processes for the Treatment of Complex Wastewater Matrices: Present and Future

Fernandes, Annabel; Nunes, Maria João; Rodrigues, Ana S. M. C.; Ciríaco, Lurdes; Lopes, Ana

doi:10.3390/molecules26164821

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Such results suggest that persulphate act as a mediator in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol. The electrochemical activation of persulphate is known for degrading multiple organic compounds [24] . A mechanism proposed by the other authors is that the carbonaceous materials may act as a bridge between the alcohol (electron donor) and persulfate (electron acceptor) without the generation of radicals [9a,22, 25] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrochemical activation of persulphate is known for degrading multiple organic compounds. [24] A mechanism proposed by the other authors is that the carbonaceous materials may act as a bridge between the alcohol (electron donor) and persulfate (electron acceptor) without the generation of radicals. [9a,22, 25] The dual doping of carbon with N and O might facilitate the formation of a charge-transfer complex (electron-donor-acceptor) where the N-pyridinic is the link for the alcohol and the Npyrrolic and/or C=O or OÀ C=O might serve as a link to persulfate, the presence of the nanoreactor (cavities) might facilitate the proximity between these reagents.…”

Section: Chemcatchemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Porous Heteroatom‐Doped Carbons: Efficient Catalysts for Selective Oxidation of Alcohols by Activated Persulfate

et al. 2022

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Aldehydes are essential chemicals for industrial feedstock. However, the traditional processes to produce these chemicals face many limitations, such as waste generation, low selectivity, or high cost. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a group of porous heteroatom (P, B or N)-doped carbons and their use as catalysts for the oxidation of primary alcohols by activating peroxydisulfate. Among the heteroatom-doped carbons, porous N-doped carbons pyrolyzed at 700 or 800 °C show the highest activity. Experimental studies were performed suggesting a considerable contribution of a nonradical oxidation process. Furthermore, N-doped carbons can act as a catalyst in the oxidation of a large substrate scope of substituted alcohols.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemcatchemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Heteroatom‐Doped Carbons: Efficient Catalysts for Selective Oxidation of Alcohols by Activated Persulfate

et al. 2022

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“…However, the increase in TDS and the severe variation in the final pH are still the major problems with the application of SR-AOPs in the P&P industry. Furthermore, SR-AOPs can cause microorganism activity to be disrupted due to the presence of high concentrations of sulfate ions when used as pretreatment for biological processes . As regards to the effectiveness of SR-AOPs in removing aromatic compounds, lignin, and AOX, this method has attracted the interest of researchers for its potential application in the treatment of P&P wastewater.…”

Section: Physical and Chemical-based Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Pulp and Paper Industries Wastewater Treatment Advances

Esmaeeli,

Sarrafzadeh,

Zeighami

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The pulp and paper industry generates vast amounts of wastewater, and its character heavily depends on various factors (raw material, the undertaken process, the final product, etc.). The wastewater from this sector, which originates from several sources in each mill and are mostly combined, is polluting and hazardous. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of the physical, chemical, biological, and advanced hybrid treatment techniques, concerning their effectiveness in removing specific pollutants, namely, chemical oxygen demand, lignin, color, and adsorbable organo-halogens. Throughout the manuscript, at the end of each section, a conclusive comparison has been presented and the proper method is introduced. Furthermore, numeric data regarding the effectiveness of each technique toward each pollutant are gathered from the literature and are available in the Supporting Information of the paper. Biological treatment processes using anaerobic–aerobic treatment mostly cure organic biodegradable contaminants (75–90% COD removal). Moreover, biological treatment using a consortium of microorganisms can potentially increase color removal efficiency (from 65 to 97%). Hybrid treatment is also among the candidates for color removal. To treat complex matters (lignin and AOX), physical and chemical treatments have shown promising performance, but they are generally expensive and impractical to treat huge amounts of wastewater. For the treatment of high molecular weight contaminants (lignin) advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), including ozonation and Fenton-based treatment, have shown great performance (90–99%); however, they are limited due to their maintenance and operation costs. To overcome these challenges, source separation of the wastewater streams in the pulp and paper industry is recommended. AOPs or membrane technologies or hybrid processes are suggested for the bleaching effluent (80% AOX removal), which is relatively low in amount, and a combination of conventional treatment processes would be preferred to treat wastewater streams that are more biodegradable. The biological performance can also be enhanced using granular activated carbon on the sequence. Finally, for treating black liquor, adsorption processes have proven to be the prime candidate.

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“…Current publications also include laboratory experiments on developing new activation methods for persulfate. These techniques include activation at high pH (> 11), electrolysis, the use of carbon nanotubes or polymers (polyimides), and ozone (Ding et al, 2020 ; Fernandes et al, 2021 ; Ren et al, 2019 ; Zou et al, 2021 ). Some of the selected persulfate activation methods are graphically shown in Fig.…”

Section: Visible Light–driven Advanced Oxidation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible Light–Driven Advanced Oxidation Processes to Remove Emerging Contaminants from Water and Wastewater: a Review

Zawadzki

2022

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The scientific data review shows that advanced oxidation processes based on the hydroxyl or sulfate radicals are of great interest among the currently conventional water and wastewater treatment methods. Different advanced treatment processes such as photocatalysis, Fenton’s reagent, ozonation, and persulfate-based processes were investigated to degrade contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) such as pesticides, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, disinfectants, dyes, and estrogenic substances. This article presents a general overview of visible light–driven advanced oxidation processes for the removal of chlorfenvinphos (organophosphorus insecticide), methylene blue (azo dye), and diclofenac (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug). The following visible light–driven treatment methods were reviewed: photocatalysis, sulfate radical oxidation, and photoelectrocatalysis. Visible light, among other sources of energy, is a renewable energy source and an excellent substitute for ultraviolet radiation used in advanced oxidation processes. It creates a high application potential for solar-assisted advanced oxidation processes in water and wastewater technology. Despite numerous publications of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), more extensive research is needed to investigate the mechanisms of contaminant degradation in the presence of visible light. Therefore, this paper provides an important source of information on the degradation mechanism of emerging contaminants. An important aspect in the work is the analysis of process parameters affecting the degradation process. The initial concentration of CECs, pH, reaction time, and catalyst dosage are discussed and analyzed. Based on a comprehensive survey of previous studies, opportunities for applications of AOPs are presented, highlighting the need for further efforts to address dominant barriers to knowledge acquisition.

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Electro-Persulfate Processes for the Treatment of Complex Wastewater Matrices: Present and Future

Cited by 41 publications

References 45 publications

Porous Heteroatom‐Doped Carbons: Efficient Catalysts for Selective Oxidation of Alcohols by Activated Persulfate

Porous Heteroatom‐Doped Carbons: Efficient Catalysts for Selective Oxidation of Alcohols by Activated Persulfate

A Comprehensive Review on Pulp and Paper Industries Wastewater Treatment Advances

Visible Light–Driven Advanced Oxidation Processes to Remove Emerging Contaminants from Water and Wastewater: a Review

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