Electro-optical characteristics and switching behavior of the in-plane switching mode

Oh‐e, Masahito; Kondo, K.

doi:10.1063/1.115309

Cited by 638 publications

(332 citation statements)

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“…In the IPS mode (Figure 2), which was fi rst suggested in 1992, uniformly aligned LC molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy are rotated azimuthally on a glass plate by an electric fi eld aligned parallel to the plate [13,[21][22][23]. Th e electric fi eld for azimuthal switching is applied via interlaced electrodes formed on one of substrates.…”

Section: In-plane Switching Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Technical evolution of liquid crystal displays

2009

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I n 1888, more than a century ago, the Austrian botanist FriedrichReinitzer discovered an intermediate state of matter between isotropic liquid and lattice-structured crystal [1][2][3]. Th is state, later termed liquid crystal (LC), remained merely a novelty for many years until suitable applications for the technology began to become apparent. From the late 1960s, following the realization that various display applications were possible, the popularity of liquid crystal as a research fi eld expanded rapidly, attracting the interest of many scientists who made fundamental contributions to the technologies that have led to the spectacular success of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Th e development of the twisted nematic (TN) [4] and supertwisted nematic (STN) [5] cell confi gurations, along with the necessary manufacturing technologies [6][7][8][9], resulted in the birth of the LCD industry in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The subsequent development of thin-film transistor (TFT) technology provided a further boost to the industry in the late 1980s [14,15]. Th e boom was signifi cantly supported by the advancement of material technologies such as the highly reliable manufacturing of liquid crystal base materials, and the development of polymers for the alignment layer, color fi lter materials, and sheet-type polarizers formed from the poly(vinyl alcohol)-iodine complex.In the 1990s, LCDs occupied an important position in the display market primarily through notebook applications, although the cathode ray tube (CRT) continued to dominate the desktop monitor and television markets. Th e plasma display panel (PDP), which appeared in the commercial market in 1997, pioneered the large-area fl at panel display market. It was widely predicted at the time that PDPs would maintain the lead in the large-area display market and that LCDs in small-display information technology (IT) applications would soon be replaced by new technologies such as displays based on organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) [16,17]. Such predictions were based on the belief that the LCD technology suff ered from serious limitations in terms of both off -axis image quality and moving picture quality, and also that it had proved diffi cult to obtain reasonable manufacturing yields of large-area TFT panels. However, these predictions, as we now know, turned out to be incorrect. Th e application of LCDs has expanded rapidly in recent years from purely information technology (IT) applications to the television and mobile display markets, and now even to very-large-area digital information displays (DIDs).Interestingly, while LCDs penetrated the traditional territories of other display technologies including CRTs and PDPs, attracting inevitable and heavy competition from these technologies, the most critical competitors were in fact alternative LCD technologies. A range of LCD modes and technologies are now applied in the same areas of application and are compared directly with one another in the market. In applicat...

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Section: In-plane Switching Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Technical evolution of liquid crystal displays

2009

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“…vertical alignment) 모드 [13][14][15] 와 수평하게 배향된 액정을 이용 한 수평스위칭(IPS: in-plane switching) 모드 [16,17] 가 대부분 의 액정 디스플레이에 응용되고 있다. VA 모드는 우수한 dark 특성으로 높은 명암 대비비를 나타내는 반면, IPS 모드 는 우수한 시야각 특성을 나타내는 장점이 있다.…”

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Liquid Crystal Modes for Display Applications

김정욱¹,

윤태훈²

2013

Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics

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An information display device is a key component in the information society. A liquid crystal display is the most widely used among information display devices. However, its performance still needs to be improved in order to survive in competition with other information display devices. In this paper, we explain the structure and the operation principle of a liquid crystal display device and introduce our recent research activities on liquid crystal mode technology.

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“…They still have an unresolved weak point, however, compared with the in-plane switching (IPS) mode: image quality deterioration as a function of the viewing direction [3]. The deteriorated off-axis image quality intrinsically comes from the vertical alignment of the liquid crystal (LC) molecules, in which changing the viewing direction can cause an effective birefringence change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New three-gamma-curves-integrated VA LCD design for excellent image quality and enhanced transmittance

Kim

Shin

Kim

et al. 2016

Journal of Information Display

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Compared with the in-plane switching (IPS) mode of the liquid crystal display (LCD), the verticalalignment (VA) LCD mode provides an excellent contrast ratio and a fast response time, but it still has a relative weakness: image quality deterioration as a function of the viewing direction. In the VA mode, the pixel division method, in which two different gamma curves from the divided pixels are integrated, is generally used to improve the off-axis image quality. Reported herein is the new VA mode for enhancing the off-axis image without decreasing the transmittance. The pixels divided into 12 domains instead of 8 using double electrode layers produce three different gamma curves from the high, middle, and low pixels, which are combined and enhance the image quality. In this pixel structure, the middle pixels are formed by two electrode layers and produce the third gamma curve. The new design of the VA mode shows the best off-axis image quality in the VA mode, which is the most comparable with that in the IPS mode, even with the organic light-emitting diode, and will provide a solution for the heavy competition in the ultrahigh-definition (UHD) and large-LCD-TV-panel market in the very near future. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Electro-optical characteristics and switching behavior of the in-plane switching mode

Cited by 638 publications

References 1 publication

Technical evolution of liquid crystal displays

Technical evolution of liquid crystal displays

Liquid Crystal Modes for Display Applications

New three-gamma-curves-integrated VA LCD design for excellent image quality and enhanced transmittance

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