Electro-Active Polymers (EAPs): A Promising Route to Design Bio-Organic/Bioinspired Platforms with on Demand Functionalities

Guarino, Vincenzo; Zuppolini, Simona; Borriello, Anna; Ambrosio, Luigi

doi:10.3390/polym8050185

Cited by 63 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 156 publications

(180 reference statements)

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“…Such problems (i.e., cracks/inhomogeneities and delamination) may be solved using alternative materials for the underlying electrode (e.g., gold, glassy carbon, etc. ); through the use of composites, wherein the polymeric dopant forms an interpenetrating network with the conducting polymer binding them together [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ], or through the development of heat/solution processable electroactive block copolymers, in which one block is electroactive and the other block is heat/solvent responsive [ 64 , 65 ]. Analysis via spectroscopy (EDX, FTIR, and UV-vis), XRD, and electrochemical techniques (CV and EIS) confirmed the presence of the drugs in the films, and subtle differences in the packing of the PPY chains in the films in the presence of each drug.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemically Enhanced Drug Delivery Using Polypyrrole Films

et al. 2018

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The delivery of drugs in a controllable fashion is a topic of intense research activity in both academia and industry because of its impact in healthcare. Implantable electronic interfaces for the body have great potential for positive economic, health, and societal impacts; however, the implantation of such interfaces results in inflammatory responses due to a mechanical mismatch between the inorganic substrate and soft tissue, and also results in the potential for microbial infection during complex surgical procedures. Here, we report the use of conducting polypyrrole (PPY)-based coatings loaded with clinically relevant drugs (either an anti-inflammatory, dexamethasone phosphate (DMP), or an antibiotic, meropenem (MER)). The films were characterized and were shown to enhance the delivery of the drugs upon the application of an electrochemical stimulus in vitro, by circa (ca.) 10–30% relative to the passive release from non-stimulated samples. Interestingly, the loading and release of the drugs was correlated with the physical descriptors of the drugs. In the long term, such materials have the potential for application to the surfaces of medical devices to diminish adverse reactions to their implantation in vivo.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemically Enhanced Drug Delivery Using Polypyrrole Films

et al. 2018

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“…medicine, health and well-being, forensics, homeland security, manufacture, and parallel diagnostics/miniaturisation. Synthetic biological materials can make substantial and unique contributions to all these challenge areas [ 7 ] and electroactive biopolymers [ 8 ] are beginning to show great promise attributed to the high tune-ability of chemical and physical properties that can be tailored to application. Here fabrication to form blends, composites or hybrids in the form of coatings or porous materials with improved conductive properties can drive diverse applications to satisfy unmet needs e.g.…”

Section: Synthetic Biological Materials: Navigating a New Landscape Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

A living foundry for Synthetic Biological Materials: A synthetic biology roadmap to new advanced materials

Feuvre

Scrutton

2018

Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology

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Society is on the cusp of harnessing recent advances in synthetic biology to discover new bio-based products and routes to their affordable and sustainable manufacture. This is no more evident than in the discovery and manufacture of Synthetic Biological Materials, where synthetic biology has the capacity to usher in a new Materials from Biology era that will revolutionise the discovery and manufacture of innovative synthetic biological materials. These will encompass novel, smart, functionalised and hybrid materials for diverse applications whose discovery and routes to bio-production will be stimulated by the fusion of new technologies positioned across physical, digital and biological spheres. This article, which developed from an international workshop held in Manchester, United Kingdom, in 2017 [1], sets out to identify opportunities in the new materials from biology era. It considers requirements, early understanding and foresight of the challenges faced in delivering a Discovery to Manufacturing Pipeline for synthetic biological materials using synthetic biology approaches. This challenge spans the complete production cycle from intelligent and predictive design, fabrication, evaluation and production of synthetic biological materials to new ways of bringing these products to market. Pathway opportunities are identified that will help foster expertise sharing and infrastructure development to accelerate the delivery of a new generation of synthetic biological materials and the leveraging of existing investments in synthetic biology and advanced materials research to achieve this goal.

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“…Conductivity in these field of materials can be a great property to be used as functioning parts in many devices and can also be controlled by modifying their chemical and physical structure [1]. This conductivity, such as metals and semiconductors, is based on the charge mobility along with their backbone of the polymer chain which is considered as electronic structure [2][3][4][5]. Ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) is a smart EAP which has demonstrated a large displacement with even less than 5 V driving potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%