Electricity from wetlands: Tubular plant microbial fuels with silicone gas-diffusion biocathodes

Wetser, Koen; Dieleman, Kim; Buisman, Cees J.N.; Strik, D.P.B.T.B.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.122

Cited by 73 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Especially in plant microbial fuel cells with its relative low current density, large amounts of electrodes are required. One of the most utilized electrodes is graphite felt [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. So far, the best two week performance of a plant microbial fuel cell (Plant-MFC) utilizing graphite felt both for the anode and the cathode, achieved a power output of 240 mW·m −2 [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thin Layer of Activated Carbon Deposited on Polyurethane Cube Leads to New Conductive Bioanode for (Plant) Microbial Fuel Cell

et al. 2020

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Large-scale implementation of (plant) microbial fuel cells is greatly limited by high electrode costs. In this work, the potential of exploiting electrochemically active self-assembled biofilms in fabricating three-dimensional bioelectrodes for (plant) microbial fuel cells with minimum use of electrode materials was studied. Three-dimensional robust bioanodes were successfully developed with inexpensive polyurethane foams (PU) and activated carbon (AC). The PU/AC electrode bases were fabricated via a water-based sorption of AC particles on the surface of the PU cubes. The electrical current was enhanced by growth of bacteria on the PU/AC bioanode while sole current collectors produced minor current. Growth and electrochemical activity of the biofilm were shown with SEM imaging and DNA sequencing of the microbial community. The electric conductivity of the PU/AC electrode enhanced over time during bioanode development. The maximum current and power density of an acetate fed MFC reached 3 mA·m−2 projected surface area of anode compartment and 22 mW·m−3 anode compartment. The field test of the Plant-MFC reached a maximum performance of 0.9 mW·m−2 plant growth area (PGA) at a current density of 5.6 mA·m−2 PGA. A paddy field test showed that the PU/AC electrode was suitable as an anode material in combination with a graphite felt cathode. Finally, this study offers insights on the role of electrochemically active biofilms as natural enhancers of the conductivity of electrodes and as transformers of inert low-cost electrode materials into living electron acceptors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thin Layer of Activated Carbon Deposited on Polyurethane Cube Leads to New Conductive Bioanode for (Plant) Microbial Fuel Cell

et al. 2020

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“…From a recent review paper, at least 40 plant species have been utilized in the Plant-MFC system [30]. Among those species, Spartina anglica is one of the most model species [20,21,25,28,31,32]. S. anglica is known as an invasive species that has sustained more than a century of evolution.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Several anode materials have been used in the Plant-MFCs to produce electricity. Among them were graphite granule and tezontle (a volcanic slag) [37], graphite felt/mat [15,17,24,25,27,28], graphite granule/grain [20,38,39], carbon fiber [40], nano-catalyzed graphite disc, rolled steel mesh with graphite fiber [41], and stainless steel mesh with biochar [42].Although many studies about the anode materials for a Plant-MFC have been conducted, to our best knowledge, there is no study yet using activated carbon (AC) in the Plant-MFCs while studying the effect of marine sediment. It is well known that the activated carbon is a suitable bioanode material for microbial fuel cells fed with acetate [43,44].…”

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Activated Carbon Mixed with Marine Sediment is Suitable as Bioanode Material for Spartina anglica Sediment/Plant Microbial Fuel Cell: Plant Growth, Electricity Generation, and Spatial Microbial Community Diversity

Sudirjo

Buisman

Strik

2019

Water

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Wetlands cover a significant part of the world's land surface area. Wetlands are permanently or temporarily inundated with water and rich in nutrients. Therefore, wetlands equipped with Plant-Microbial Fuel Cells (Plant-MFC) can provide a new source of electricity by converting organic matter with the help of electrochemically active bacteria. In addition, sediments provide a source of electron donors to generate electricity from available (organic) matters. Eight lab-wetlands systems in the shape of flat-plate Plant-MFC were constructed. Here, four wetland compositions with activated carbon and/or marine sediment functioning as anodes were investigated for their suitability as a bioanode in a Plant-MFC system. Results show that Spartina anglica grew in all of the Plant-MFCs, although the growth was less fertile in the 100% activated carbon (AC100) Plant-MFC. Based on long-term performance (2 weeks) under 1000 ohm external load, the 33% activated carbon (AC33) Plant-MFC outperformed the other Plant-MFCs in terms of current density (16.1 mA/m 2 plant growth area) and power density (1.04 mW/m 2 plant growth area). Results also show a high diversity of microbial communities dominated by Proteobacteria with 42.5-69.7% relative abundance. Principal Coordinates Analysis shows clear different bacterial communities between 100% marine sediment (MS100) Plant-MFC and AC33 Plant-MFC. This result indicates that the bacterial communities were affected by the anode composition. In addition, small worms (Annelida phylum) were found to live around the plant roots within the anode of the wetland with MS100. These findings show that the mixture of activated carbon and marine sediment are suitable material for bioanodes and could be useful for the application of Plant-MFC in a real wetland. Moreover, the usage of activated carbon could provide an additional function like wetland remediation or restoration, and even coastal protection. 2 of 23 production; carbon fixation and storage; flood mitigation and water storage; water treatment and purification; and habitats for biodiversity. About 5-10% of the world's land surface is covered by wetlands [2]. A recent study reported that the global wetland area is between 15 and 16 million km 2 , in which about 8.9-9.5% is coastal wetlands [3]. Unfortunately, despite their critical role wetlands are facing a serious problem of losses caused by human activities. A study has shown that at least 33% of global wetlands had been lost as of 2009 due to human activities [1]. This loss was comparable to a previous study reporting that between 1970 and 2008, natural wetland declined globally by about 30% [4].Sediment pollution by human activities is a major problem for wetland ecosystems [5]. By nature, wetland sediments are able to remedy themselves from pollutants, such as petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants, due to the presence of diverse microbial communities [6]. However, in some cases such as to control hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs), an in-situ amendment by human interference is applied for ...

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“…Some researchers used ferric cyanide (K3(FeCN)6) to increase their cathode potential [57][58][59]. However, for a sustainable Plant-MFC operation, an open-air cathode is preferred [43,47,60].…”

Section: Energy Potential From Plant-mfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant microbial fuel cell in paddy field : A power source for rural area

Sudirjo¹

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Electricity from wetlands: Tubular plant microbial fuels with silicone gas-diffusion biocathodes

Cited by 73 publications

References 32 publications

A Thin Layer of Activated Carbon Deposited on Polyurethane Cube Leads to New Conductive Bioanode for (Plant) Microbial Fuel Cell

A Thin Layer of Activated Carbon Deposited on Polyurethane Cube Leads to New Conductive Bioanode for (Plant) Microbial Fuel Cell

Activated Carbon Mixed with Marine Sediment is Suitable as Bioanode Material for Spartina anglica Sediment/Plant Microbial Fuel Cell: Plant Growth, Electricity Generation, and Spatial Microbial Community Diversity

Plant microbial fuel cell in paddy field : A power source for rural area

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