Electrically-Conductive Polyketone Nanocomposites Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide

Abstract

In this work, we investigated the functionalization of polyketone 30 (PK30) with glycyl-glycine (Gly-Gly) via the Paal–Knorr reaction with the aim of homogenously dispersing two types of reduced graphene oxide (rGO, i.e., lrGO and hrGO, the former characterized by a lower degree of reduction in comparison to the latter) by non-covalent interactions. The functional PK30-Gly-Gly polymer was effective in preparing composites with homogeneously distributed rGO characterized by an effective percolation threshold at 5 wt. %. All the composites showed a typical semiconductive behavior and stable electrical response after several heating/cooling cycles from 30 to 115 °C. Composites made by hrGO displayed the same resistive behaviour even if flanked by a considerable improvement on conductivity, in agreement with the more reduced rGO content. Interestingly, no permanent percolative network was shown by the composite with 4 wt. % of lrGO at temperatures higher than 45 °C. This material can be used as an ON–OFF temperature sensor and could find interesting applications as sensing material in soft robotics applications.

Polymethyl Methacrylate-Based Bone Cements Containing Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Oxide: An Overview of Physical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties

“…It has been demonstrated that PMMA-based BCs cannot form covalent bonds with the natural bone, and a lack of interactions may induce implant loosening after a while. According to the results, the addition of CNTs, GO, and carbon-based composites [ 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 , 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 ] can enhance the setting times, temperature, strength, bioactivity, and cellular activity of the PMMA-based BCs. However, it is believed that utilization of GO could have further impact than CNTs reinforcing agents on enhancement of the strength and durability of PMMA-based BCs, conquering the potential issue presented by premature failure of the implant.…”

Thermally Switchable Electrically Conductive Thermoset rGO/PK Self-Healing Composites

“…Microscopic morphology of the composite samples was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using a Dual Beam FIB/SEM Helios Nano-Lab 600i (FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA) in a way similar to procedures previously reported [ 20 ].…”

“…The temperature was monitored with a k-thermocouple brought in contact with the sample; the resistance was continuously measured using a High precision multimeter (Model 187, Fluke, Fluke Corporation, Everett, WA, USA) connected with the copper electrodes. Measurements were performed modulating the temperature by changing the current applied to the ceramic heater and waiting for the temperature stabilization [ 20 ].…”

“…This synthetic approach provides several advantages; it can be carried out in bulk, without catalysts, with high yields at relatively mild conditions, and with water being the only by-product [ 19 ]. In addition, it can be also carried out without any solvent or in various organic solvents depending on the physical and chemical properties of the amine compound [ 20 ]. A variety of primary amines can be used, making this synthesis a fast, cheap, and appealing approach to create polymers with almost any desired pendant functional group [ 21 , 22 ].…”

State-of-the-Art Polymer Science and Technology in Italy

“…Pucci et al investigated the functionalization of polyketone 30 (PK30) with glycyl-glycine (Gly-Gly) via the Paal-Knorr reaction with the aim of homogenously dispersing two types of reduced graphene oxide (rGO, i.e., lrGO and hrGO, the former characterized by a lower degree of reduction in comparison to the latter) by non-covalent interactions. All the composites showed a typical semiconductive behavior and stable electrical response after several heating/cooling cycles from 30 to 115 • C, demonstrating their usability as an ON-OFF temperature sensor and as sensing material in soft robotics applications [6].…”