Electrically conductive inorganic membranes: A review on principles, characteristics and applications

Electrochemical Aging and Halogen Oxides Formation on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Fe3O4@g-C3N4 Coated Conductive Membranes

“…24 However, only a few studies have reported the membrane aging on limited materials such as the Magneĺi phase Ti 4 O 7 that could be oxidized into TiO 2 or other titanium phases in oxidative environments. 2 Halali et al also reported that CNT/ PVA-coated electrically conductive membranes were physically unstable during the filtration as indicated by the PVA leaching under 2−4 V vs Ag/AgCl reference electrode. 25 Three standardized methods such as electrochemical oxidation, surface scratch testing, and pressurized leaching were employed to assess the electrochemical, chemical, and physical stability of such membrane coatings.…”

“…Electrically charged or electrochemically reactive membranes (ERMs) integrate electrochemical advanced oxidation and/or electrochemical reduction reactions into membrane filtration to enhance pollutant degradation, rejection, or transformation (e.g., nitrification). , Electrochemical membrane filtration has demonstrated promising concurrent rejection and degradation of diverse contaminants for water purification and wastewater treatment . For example, effective removal of persistent organic pollutants (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls), dyes, pharmaceutical residuals, and personal care products, and perfluorochemicals as well as microbial species were reported. − In a typical configuration, the constituents of influent serve as the electrolyte, and ERMs act in the dual function of separation unit and electrode.…”

Perspectives on Surface Functionalization of Polymeric Membranes with Metal and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles for Water/Wastewater Treatment

“…Facing this challenge, researchers keep developing reliable, efficient, and sustainable technologies for water and wastewater treatment. Among various water and wastewater treatment technologies, membrane filtration technology has been regarded as one of the most efficient and cost-effective ways to retain water resources (Sri Abirami Saraswathi et al, 2019;Li et al, 2021b;Li et al, 2021c;Zhang et al, 2022). It offers excellent separation efficiency of pollutants with distinct advantages in easy maintenance, low chemical consumption, and small environmental footprint (Kang and Cao, 2014).…”

Fabrication of a High Water Flux Conductive MWCNTs/PVC Composite Membrane with Effective Electrically Enhanced Antifouling Behavior

“…The conductive nanomaterials (such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene) and conductive polymers (such as polypyrrole and polyaniline) were extensively used to fabricate the conductive membranes [9,11,13]. The fabrication methods can be classified into two categories: (1) incorporating the conductive components into the membrane matrix [14,15]; (2) constructing a conductive layer on a porous support layer [16,17].…”

“…Compared with the other conductive materials, CNT is the best candidate from the view of practical applications as a result of the following superiorities: the availability of CNTs, the low cost of CNTs, and the low environmental risk during the fabrication and application of CNTs in real conditions. First of all, because of their high surface area, high mechanical strength, light weight [18], high anti-corrosion ability [19], and outstanding water-transport properties, CNTs have been demonstrated as one of the most useful materials in water treatment [13,14]. Lannoy et al [20] fabricated a conductive ultrafiltration (UF) membrane on a cellulose nitrate membrane support layer, which was made by filtrating a thin layer of poly(vinyl alcohol) cross-linked with carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and succinic acid, and the obtained 20 wt % PVA-MWCNTs composite membrane possessed a high conductivity of 3.6 S/cm.…”