Electrical Signs of Selective Attention in the Human Brain

Hillyard, Steven A.; Hink, Robert F.; Schwent, Vincent L.; Picton, Terence W.

doi:10.1126/science.182.4108.177

Cited by 1,752 publications

(1,182 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

1,046

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This process though would be 20 more variable, compared with that of the tapping negative condition, as shown in Repp (2002), because negative shifts (those occurring earlier than expected) would have to be corrected reactively. The increased attention owing to the distinctive stimulus is also reflected through the auditory N1 which has been shown to reflect sensory processing associated with selective attention (Hillyard et al, 1973;Näätänen et al, 1978;Picton & Hillyard, 1974). As such, we observed an enhanced negativity at around 100 ms (auditory N1) in the tapping positive condition while the auditory N1 was reduced in the tapping negative condition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Contingent negative variation (CNV) associated with sensorimotor timing error correction

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Detection and subsequent correction of sensorimotor timing errors is fundamental to adaptive behavior. Using scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs), we sought to find ERP components that are predictive of error correction performance during rhythmic movements.Method: Healthy right-handed participants were asked to synchronize their finger taps to a regular tone sequence (every 600 ms), whilst EEG data were continuously recorded. Data from 15 participants were analyzed. Occasional irregularities were built into stimulus presentation timing: 90 ms before (advances: negative shift) or after (delays: positive shift) the expected time point. A tapping condition alternated with a listening condition in which identical stimulus sequence was presented but participants did not tap.Results: Behavioral error correction was observed immediately following a shift, with a degree of over-correction with positive shifts. Our stimulus-locked ERP data analysis revealed, 1) increased auditory N1 amplitude for the positive shift condition and decreased auditory N1 modulation for the negative shift condition; and 2) a second enhanced negativity (N2) in the tapping positive condition, compared with the tapping negative condition. In response-locked epochs, we observed a CNV (contingent negative variation)-like negativity with earlier latency in the tapping negative condition compared with the tapping positive condition. This CNV-like negativity peaked at around the onset of subsequent tapping, with the earlier the peak, the better the error correction performance with the negative shifts while the later the peak, the better the error correction performance with the positive shifts.Discussion: This study showed that the CNV-like negativity was associated with the error correction performance during our sensorimotor synchronization study. Auditory N1 and N2 were differentially involved in negative vs. positive error correction. However, we did not find 3 evidence for their involvement in behavioral error correction. Overall, our study provides the basis from which further research on the role of the CNV in perceptual and motor timing can be developed.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Contingent negative variation (CNV) associated with sensorimotor timing error correction

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, in contrast to their differences, both N1 and P2 were similarly affected by attentional mechanisms; directing attention to the stimuli significantly increased N1 and P2 latencies without altering component amplitudes. The latter findings contrast with those obtained from Nd (negative difference) studies (23,24,33) wherein Nd amplitude, which is related to the allocation of attentional resources, increases as a function of increasing attention.…”

contrasting

confidence: 90%

Temporal recovery of auditory evoked potentials in individuals at risk for alcoholism

Cohen

Porjesz

Begleiter

1996

Alcohol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…An EEG measure was included to address the possible confound that cannabis-related alterations in sensory/attentional function could affect processing of the tone CS. The N100 component was evaluated, as this ERP is known to be reliably elicited by discreet auditory stimuli (ie tones), and is highly sensitive to attentional allocation (Hillyard et al, 1973;Coull, 1998). As previously observed in CB1 knockout mice (Kishimoto and Kano, 2006), it was hypothesized that cannabis users would show deficits in the acquisition and timing of the CR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Use Disrupts Eyeblink Conditioning: Evidence for Cannabinoid Modulation of Cerebellar-Dependent Learning

Skosnik

Edwards

O’Donnell

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While the cerebellum contains the highest density of cannabinoid receptor (CB1) in the brain, no studies have assessed the effect of exogenous cannabinoids on cerebellar-dependent learning in humans. The current study, therefore, examined the effect of chronic cannabis use on classical eyeblink conditioning (EBC), a cerebellar-mediated task which has been shown to be disrupted in CB1 knockout mice. Chronic cannabis users (24 h abstinence before study; positive THC urine drug test) free of DSM-IV Axis-I or -II disorders, were evaluated. A delay EBC task was utilized, in which a conditioned stimulus (CS; 400 ms tone) co-terminated with a corneal air puff unconditioned stimulus (US; 50 ms), thus eliciting a conditioned blink response (CR). The cannabis group exhibited markedly fewer, and more poorly timed CRs as compared to drug-naive controls. There were no differences between the groups in either the unconditioned response (UR) or an EEG measure of selective attention to the CS (N100 auditory ERP), indicating that the disruption observed in the cannabis group was specific to CR acquisition. These results suggest that cannabis use is associated with functional deficits in the cerebellar circuitry underlying EBC, a finding which corroborates the recent work in CB1 knockout mice.

show abstract

Electrical Signs of Selective Attention in the Human Brain

Cited by 1,752 publications

References 26 publications

Contingent negative variation (CNV) associated with sensorimotor timing error correction

Contingent negative variation (CNV) associated with sensorimotor timing error correction

Temporal recovery of auditory evoked potentials in individuals at risk for alcoholism

Cannabis Use Disrupts Eyeblink Conditioning: Evidence for Cannabinoid Modulation of Cerebellar-Dependent Learning

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About