Electrical Impedance of Surface Modified Porous Titanium Implants with Femtosecond Laser

Abstract

The chemical composition and surface topography of titanium implants are essential to improve implant osseointegration. The present work studies a non-invasive alternative of electrical impedance spectroscopy for the characterization of the macroporosity inherent to the manufacturing process and the effect of the surface treatment with femtosecond laser of titanium discs. Osteoblasts cell culture growths on the titanium surfaces of the laser-treated discs were also studied with this method. The measurements obtained showed that the femtosecond laser treatment of the samples and cell culture produced a significant increase (around 50%) in the absolute value of the electrical impedance module, which could be characterized in a wide range of frequencies (being more relevant at 500 MHz). Results have revealed the potential of this measurement technique, in terms of advantages, in comparison to tiresome and expensive techniques, allowing semi-quantitatively relating impedance measurements to porosity content, as well as detecting the effect of surface modification, generated by laser treatment and cell culture.

Influence of Laser Modification on the Surface Character of Biomaterials: Titanium and Its Alloys—A Review

“…It was also observed, among other things, in the potentiodynamic polarization curves. Navarro [26] showed that a femtosecond laser modification caused changes in the surface of modified samples with different porosities, resulting in an increased impedance (Figure 5). Tests carried out by [103,104] indicated that a thicker oxide or nitride layer formed after laser modification on a material surface, improved the corrosion resistance of a titanium alloy.…”

Comparative study of cell interaction and bacterial adhesion on titanium of different composition, structure and surfaces with various laser treatment

“…In modern implantology, titanium and its alloys are commonly used as materials for fabrication of dental implants and joint replacements [1]. Titanium became a preferred substrate among other materials because of the combination of its outstanding biocompatible properties, corrosion resistance, high load-bearing capacity, rigidity, and lightness [2]. Factors such as type and design of material, surface properties or the quality and volume of the host bone affect biocompatibility [3][4][5].…”

Synthesizing Ti–Ni Alloy Composite Coating on Ti–6Al–4V Surface from Laser Surface Modification

“…However, the surface hardness often acts as a limitation on the applications of Ti-6Al-4V [3]. Applications for Ti alloy surface modification have been reported to improve the behavior of Ti implants, such as the creation of surface nanostructures to improve the osseointegration process [4,5]. On the other hand, surface modification is also an important approach to strengthen the surface of Ti alloys.…”