Electrical conductivity measurements of aqueous sodium chloride solutions to 600�C and 300 MPa

Ho, Patience C.; Palmer, Donald A.; Mesmer, R.E.

doi:10.1007/bf00974100

Cited by 154 publications

(125 citation statements)

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“…thermodynamic properties of H2O, HCl°, NaCl°, and OH − were adopted from Wagner and Prusss [19], Tagirov et al [20], Ho et al [21], and Bandura and Lvov [22], respectively; those of H2°(aq), O2°(aq), and SO2°(aq), from Akinfiev and Diamond [23]. The values of Henry constants and dissociation constants of aqueous electrolytes calculated using the aforementioned thermodynamic data are presented in the Supplementary Material Section 1.…”

Section: Experimental Au Solubility Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of AuCl2− from 25 to 1000 °C at Pressures to 5000 bar and Consequences for Hydrothermal Gold Mobilization

et al. 2018

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Abstract:Gold is transported in high-temperature chloride-bearing hydrothermal fluids in the form of AuCl 2 − . The stability of this complex has been extensively studied, but there is still considerable disagreement between available experimental data on the temperature region 300-500 • C. To solve this problem, we measured the solubility of gold in HCl/NaCl fluids (NaCl concentration varied from 0.1 to 3 mol·(kg·H 2 O) −1 ) at 450 • C and pressures from 500 to 1500 bar (1 bar = 10 5 Pa). The experiments were performed using a batch autoclave method at contrasting redox conditions: in reduced experiments hydrogen was added to the autoclave, and in oxidized experiments the redox state was controlled by the aqueous SO 2 /SO 3 buffer. Hydrogen pressure in the autoclaves was measured after the experiments in the reduced system. The gold solubility constant, Au (cr) + HCl • (aq)

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Section: Experimental Au Solubility Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of AuCl2− from 25 to 1000 °C at Pressures to 5000 bar and Consequences for Hydrothermal Gold Mobilization

et al. 2018

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“…This code takes explicit account of recent revisions in keeping with the modified HKF equations of state for aqueous species . Thermodynamic data for Al-bearing aqueous species, however, were from , while experimental data from Ho et al (2001), , and Ho et al (1994) were used for HCl (aq)°, KCl (aq)°, and NaCl (aq)°, respectively. In practice, calculations needed to assess mineral saturation states, pH (in situ) (see below), and derive ion-activity diagrams were performed using the EQ3/6 computer code (Wolery and Daveler, 1992).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Approach to Experimental Studies of Mineral Dissolution Kinetics

Chen¹

2008

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Currently, DOE is conducting pilot CO 2 injection tests to evaluate the concept of geological sequestration. The injected CO 2 is expected to react with the host rocks and these reactions can potentially alter the porosity, permeability, and mechanical properties of the host or cap rocks. Reactions can also result in precipitation of carbonate-containing minerals that favorably and permanently trap CO 2 underground. Many numerical models have been used to predict these reactions for the carbon sequestration program. However, a firm experimental basis for predicting silicate reaction kinetics in CO 2 injected geological formations is urgently needed to assure the reliability of the geochemical models used for the assessments of carbon sequestration strategies. The funded experimental and theoretical study attempts to resolve this outstanding scientific issue by novel experimental design and theoretical interpretation of silicate dissolution rates at conditions pertinent to geological carbon sequestration.In this four year research grant (three years plus a one year no cost extension), seven (7) laboratory experiments of CO 2 -rock-water interactions were carried out. An experimental design allowed the collection of water samples during experiments in situ and thus prevented back reactions. Analysis of the in situ samples delineated the temporal evolution of aqueous chemistry because of CO 2 -rock-water interactions. The solid products of the experiments were retrieved at the end of the experimental run, and analyzed with a suite of advanced analytical and electron microscopic techniques (i.e., atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron microprobe, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)). As a result, the research project probably has produced one of the best data sets for CO 2 -rock-water interactions in terms of both aqueous solution chemistry and solid characterization. Three experiments were performed using the Navajo sandstone. Navajo sandstone is geologically equivalent to the Nugget sandstone, which is a target formation for a regional partnership injection project. Our experiments provided the experimental data on the potential CO 2 -rock-water interactions that are likely to occur in the aquifer. Geochemical modeling was performed to interpret the experimental results.Our single mineral (feldspar) experiments addressed a basic research need. i.e., the coupled nature of dissolution and precipitation reactions, which has universal implication to the reaction kinetics as it applied to CO 2 sequestration. Our whole rock experiments (Navajo sandstone) addressed the applied research component, e.g., reacting Navajo sandstone with brine and CO 2 has direct relevance on the activities of a number of regional partnerships.The following are the major findings from this project:1. The project generated a large amount of experimental data that is central to evaluating CO 2 -water-rcok interactions and providing ground truth to pred...

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“…Franck's cell design, using ceramic insulators, has been used at ORNL by Marshall and coworkers (Franck et al, 1962;Quist and Marshall, 1968a-d, 1969, 1970Frantz and Marshall, 1982;Frantz and Marshall, 1984), and later by Palmer and co-workers (Ho et al, 1994;Ho and Palmer, 1995a-b, 1996. A review of static high temperature cells by Marshall and Frantz is already available in the literature (Marshall and Frantz, 1987).…”

Section: Static High Temperature and Pressure Conductivity Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Conductivity in Hydrothermal Binary and Ternary Systems

Corti

2008

Hydrothermal Experimental Data

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Electrical conductivity measurements of aqueous sodium chloride solutions to 600�C and 300 MPa

Cited by 154 publications

References 22 publications

Stability of AuCl2− from 25 to 1000 °C at Pressures to 5000 bar and Consequences for Hydrothermal Gold Mobilization

Stability of AuCl2− from 25 to 1000 °C at Pressures to 5000 bar and Consequences for Hydrothermal Gold Mobilization

A Novel Approach to Experimental Studies of Mineral Dissolution Kinetics

Electrical Conductivity in Hydrothermal Binary and Ternary Systems

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