Electrical characteristics and transient analysis of HTS DC power cables for shipboard application

Abstract

Physical and electrical characteristics of hightemperature superconducting (HTS) DC power cables have been modelled to assess their benefits compared to conventional XLPE cables for use in distribution networks of tightly coupled electrical systems such as the Navy all-electric ship. The characteristics of a 30-m long HTS DC cable prototype that was successfully demonstrated recently were used to evaluate the benefits of increased power density, both volumetric and gravimetric, in comparison with similarly rated XLPE cables. The response of HTS cables for electrical faults and switching harmonics were studied through electrical models. The results of transient characteristics of HTS cables were compared to that of normal cables under identical network conditions. The peak voltage observed for the HTS cable network when faulted was considerably smaller than that of the XLPE bundle under a 1 kΩ ground resistance. On the contrary, the over voltage of the ungrounded HTS cable system was larger than that of the XLPE cable. The damping constant of the HTS cable was 3 times higher than XLPE cable.

Design of warm dielectric terminations and electrical breaks for high-temperature superconducting power cables

“…An aluminum conductor was used to represent a cold dielectric HTS cable in performing the experiment. A total of seven (7) glass polymer laminate (GPO-3) insulation rods with an outer diameter of 9.5 mm were sheathed at the ends of the aluminum conductor. Kapton tape was used to keep the GPO3 firmly wrapped around the conductor keeping it concentric and also from parts of the walls of the CF hardware which will be at ground potential throughout the high voltage measurements.…”

“…Using liquid nitrogen as the cryogen in such enclosed spaces in transport poses safety challenges as nitrogen can displace oxygen and lead to asphyxiation in the event of a leak [6]. The electrical power system for electric transport system would also require HTS machines (motors and generators) which have an operating temperature of 40 -50 K which cannot be served by liquid nitrogen [7]. An additional cryogen together with the liquid nitrogen needs to be utilized to operate the HTS machines at their required operating temperatures, which demands additional weight to the power system and reduces its 1241 (2022) 012025 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1241/1/012025 2 overall power density.…”

Advanced experimental-based data-driven model for the electromechanical behavior of twisted YBCO tapes considering thermomagnetic constraints

“…These materials in the form of coated conductors are employed to fabricate superconducting cables [3,4], superconducting transformers [5,6], superconducting fault current limiters [7,8], superconducting busbars, and many other high-power electric devices in power grids. In addition, another promising and fast-growing application of HTS materials is in cryoelectrifications of modern transportation systems such as electric aircraft [9] and marine applications [10]. In many power applications, tapes are usually twisted around a former to minimise AC loss.…”

Control of superconducting dc transmission systems and solution of coupled electrothermal superconducting cable model

“…More specifically, in [165], the effects of ground impedance and conductor impedance as well as of soil and burial depth on the transient voltage distribution were studied. Moreover, characteristics under fault conditions for copper and HTS cables were compared in [167]. The results presented suggest that HTS cables do not indicate any special risks for their application on all-electric ships.…”