Electric field sensing with a hybrid polymer/glass fiber

Johnson, Eric K.; Kvavle, Joshua; Selfridge, Richard H.; Schultz, Stephen M.; Forber, R. A.; Wang, Wen; Zang, De Yu

doi:10.1364/ao.46.006953

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…When the driving field is discussed, existing papers are mostly limited to low DC electric field measurement or low to moderate repetition rate measurement of AC electric fields 3 , 4 . Fiber optical cables can be used as electric field sensors 5 but fail at high field strength environments where particle interaction with the fiber material can attenuate and dilute the desired signal through radiation darkening and fluorescence. There is a paucity of papers on high field narrow pulse width electric field measurements using bulk EOS crystals 6 , 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-optical measurement of intense electric field on a high energy pulsed power accelerator

Owens

Grabowski

Biller

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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We describe a direct electro-optical approach to measuring a strong 118 MV/m narrow pulse width (~ 33 ns) electric field in the magnetically insulated transmission line (MITL) of a pulsed power accelerator. To date, this is the highest direct external electric field measured electro-optically in a pulsed power accelerator, and it is between two to three orders of magnitude higher than values reported in comparable high energy scientific experiments. The MITL electric field is one of the most important operating parameters in an accelerator and is critical to understanding the properties of the radiation output. However, accurately measuring these high fields using conventional pulsed power diagnostics is difficult due to the strength of interfering particles and fields. Our approach uses a free-space laser beam with a dielectric crystal sensor that is highly immune to electromagnetic interference and does not require an external calibration. Here we focus on device theory, operating parameters, laboratory and pulsed power accelerator experiments as well as challenges that were overcome in the measurement environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-optical measurement of intense electric field on a high energy pulsed power accelerator

Owens

Grabowski

Biller

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…In structure, most of previously developed EO sensors require two polarization maintaining fibers (PMF) connected to the device as input/output outlets of the probe light, which often causes the sensor in difficulty in installations as well as in reducing whole size. Recently, with developments of lithographic and micro/nano-machining technologies, a variety of state-of-the-art, light planar waveguide or glass fiber based EO sensors have been developed [17,18,19,20]. Among these new types of EO sensors, some already adopted the novel structures allowing to use a single fiber for probe light transmissions [18,19], which considerably reduced the whole size of the sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power-Frequency Electric Field Sensing Utilizing a Twin-FBG Fabry–Perot Interferometer and Polyimide Tubing with Space Charge as Field Sensing Element

Wang

Fang

2019

Sensors

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A novel fiber-optic sensor based on the alternating electric field force actions on polyimide tubing with space charge for power-frequency electric field sensing is presented. In structure, the sensor consists of a lightweight fiber cantilever beam covered with a length of electrically charged polyimide tubing as the field sensing element. A twin-FBG based Fabry–Perot interferometer is embedded in this fiber beam to detect the beam vibrations excited by the force of power-frequency electric field to be sensed. Space charge in polyimide tubing is formed through a dielectric charging process. The basic concept, structure, fabrication and operation principle of the sensor are introduced with detailed theoretical analyses. The comprehensive experiments with two sensor prototypes are carried out, in which a sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 173.65 μV/(V/m) with a minimal detectable field strength of 0.162 V/m, and another has a durability of continuous operation for over a year.

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“…They were also infused in microstructured optical fibers, providing control over cladding modes resonances of long period gratings [6]. More recently, the core of a D fiber was removed and replaced with the polymer to build a polymer-glass hybrid waveguide [7], which was then used for sensing of the electric field [8]. However, in these works either special optical fibers were needed or the process of applying of the polymer was complicated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In-fiber polymer–glass hybrid waveguide Bragg grating

et al. 2008

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A 1.2 m ͑height͒ ϫ 125 m ͑depth͒ ϫ 500 m ͑length͒ microslot along a fiber Bragg grating was engraved across the optical fiber by femtosecond laser patterning and chemical etching. By filling epoxy in the slot and subsequent UV curing, a hybrid waveguide grating structure with a polymer core and glass cladding was fabricated. The obtained device is highly thermally responsive with linear coefficient of 211 pm/°C.

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Electric field sensing with a hybrid polymer/glass fiber

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Electro-optical measurement of intense electric field on a high energy pulsed power accelerator

Electro-optical measurement of intense electric field on a high energy pulsed power accelerator

Power-Frequency Electric Field Sensing Utilizing a Twin-FBG Fabry–Perot Interferometer and Polyimide Tubing with Space Charge as Field Sensing Element

In-fiber polymer–glass hybrid waveguide Bragg grating

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