Electric field modulated topological magnetoelectric effect in 
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Mondal, Mintu; Chaudhuri, Dipanjan; Salehi, M.; Wan, Che'ng; Laurita, N. J.; Cheng, Bing; Stier, Andreas V.; Quintero, Michael A.; Moon, Jisoo; Jain, Deepti; Shibayev, Pavel; Neilson, James R.; Oh, Seongshik; Armitage, N. P.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.98.121106

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…The Faraday angle also reflects this quantization as it is independent of frequency and field for low frequencies. The quantized value is consistent with the observations of topological magnetoelectric effect in Bi 2 Se 3 [5,17]:…”

Section: Fields (∼30 T)supporting

confidence: 91%

Ambipolar magneto-optical response of ultra-low carrier density topological insulators

Chaudhuri,

Salehi,

Dasgupta

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We have investigated the THz range magneto-optical response of ultralow carrier density films of Sb2Te3 using time-domain THz polarimetry. Undoped Sb2Te3 has a chemical potential that lies inside the bulk valence band. Thus its topological response is masked by bulk carriers. However, with appropriate buffer layer engineering and chemical doping, Sb2Te3 thin films can be grown with extremely low electron or hole densities. The ultralow carrier density samples show unusual optical properties and quantized response in the presence of magnetic fields. Consistent with the expectations for Dirac fermions, a quantized Hall response is seen even in samples where the zero field conductivity falls below detectable levels. The discontinuity in the Faraday angle with small changes in the filling fraction across zero is manifestation of the parity anomaly in 2D Dirac systems with broken time reversal symmetry.

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Section: Fields (∼30 T)supporting

confidence: 91%

Ambipolar magneto-optical response of ultra-low carrier density topological insulators

Chaudhuri,

Salehi,

Dasgupta

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…13, a plot of observed quantized index vs. filling factor is a direct evidence that one observed the contribution of two topological surface states, each of which contributes to half-integer quantum Hall conductance and therefore provide the evidence for the topological magnetoelectric effect [63]. Recent work utilizing ionic liquid gating successfully tuned the chemical potential as low as 10 meV above the Dirac point and pushed the sample across a few surface quantum Hall plateaus [74], as shown in Fig.14. This experiment is a direct measure of the formal ME susceptibility and the ME susceptibility lattice. All of these experiments are manifestations of what was called the quantum Faraday effect in Ref.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

On the matter of topological insulators as magnetoelectrics

Armitage

2019

SciPost Phys.

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It has been proposed that topological insulators can be best characterized not as surface conductors, but as bulk magnetoelectrics that -under the right conditionshave a universal quantized magnetoelectric response coefficient e 2 /2h. However, it is not clear to what extent these conditions are achievable in real materials that can have disorder, finite chemical potential, residual dissipation, and even inversion symmetry. This has led to some confusion and misconceptions. The primary goal of this work is to illustrate exactly under what real life scenarios and in what context topological insulators can be described as magnetoelectrics. We explore analogies of the 3D magnetoelectric response to electric polarization in 1D in detail, the formal vs. effective polarization and magnetoelectric susceptibility, the 1 2 quantized surface quantum Hall effect, the multivalued nature of the magnetoelectric susceptibility, the role of inversion symmetry, the effects of dissipation, and the necessity for finite frequency measurements. We present these issues from the perspective of experimentalists who have struggled to take the beautiful theoretical ideas and to try to measure their (sometimes subtle) physical consequences in messy real material systems. 5 The surface half integer Hall effect as a signature of a bulk magnetoelectric response 16 5.1 A simple cartoon of a 3D topological insulator 17 5.2 The formal magnetoelectric susceptibility vs. the effective magnetoelectric susceptibility 21 5.3 The Thouless pump in 3D topological insulators and hybrid Wannier functions 22 6 The effects of residual surface dissipation on the magnetoelectric response of topological insulators 25 7 Experiments 27 8 Concluding remarks 29 A Derivation of modified Maxwell's Equation 30References 32

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“…(1) Magneto-/electro-optic spectroscopy: Application of large external magnetic fields affects the spin orbit coupling, and the corresponding variation in optical response can be employed to discriminate surface from bulk contributions. ,, For example, Faraday rotation was used to differentiate electron and hole responses via the sign of the Faraday angle, while Landau level transitions as a function of magnetic field showed distinct linear and parabolic dependencies for bulk and Dirac surface carriers, respectively (Figure a,b) . Yet another approach employing magnetic field relied on the notion that topological insulators are best described as bulk magnetoelectrics, with quantized magnetoelectric coefficient set by the fine-structure constant α …”

Section: Topological Materials For Metamaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological Insulator Metamaterials

et al. 2023

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In recent years, this approach has been extended to the realm of topological materials, providing a new avenue to access nontrivial features of their electronic band structure. In this review, we survey various topological material classes from a photonics standpoint, including crystal growth and lithographic structuring methods. We discuss how exotic electronic features such as spin-selective Dirac plasmon polaritons in topological insulators or hyperbolic plasmon polaritons in Weyl semimetals may give rise to unconventional magneto-optic, nonlinear, and circular photogalvanic effects in metamaterials across the visible to infrared spectrum. Finally, we dwell on how these effects may be dynamically controlled by applying external perturbations in the form of electric and magnetic fields or ultrafast optical pulses. Through these examples and future perspectives, we argue that topological insulator, semimetal and superconductor metamaterials are unique systems to bridge the missing links between nanophotonic, electronic, and spintronic technologies.

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Electric field modulated topological magnetoelectric effect in Bi2Se3

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Ambipolar magneto-optical response of ultra-low carrier density topological insulators

Ambipolar magneto-optical response of ultra-low carrier density topological insulators

On the matter of topological insulators as magnetoelectrics

Topological Insulator Metamaterials

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