Electric-Field Level-Crossing Spectroscopy

Khadjavi, Abbas; Happer, W.; Lurio, Allen

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.17.463

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…A large group of experiments makes use of the level-crossing of some hyperfine atomic levels at finite electric field. The first observation of the purely electric field level-crossing was reported in 1966 [20]. This type of measurements allows for experimental determination of the excited states tensor polarizabilities.…”

Section: A Experimental Methods and Studies Of The Atomic Polarizabil...mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…dominant electric-dipole matrix elements are N s|D|np 1/2,3/2 ; see [18,19] for a detailed discussion and comparison of lifetime and polarizability measurements in cesium.A large group of experiments makes use of the level-crossing of some hyperfine atomic levels at finite electric field. The first observation of the purely electric field level-crossing was reported in 1966 [20]. This type of measurements allows for experimental determination of the excited states tensor polarizabilities.…”

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confidence: 95%

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High-precision study of Cs polarizabilities

Iskrenova-Tchoukova

Safronova

2008

JCM

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We present results of the first-principles calculation of Cs dipole static polarizabilities for the N s (N = 6 − 12), N pj (N = 6 − 10), and N dj (N = 5 − 10) states using the relativistic all-order method. In our implementation of the all-order method, single and double excitations of Dirac-Fock wave functions are included to all orders in perturbation theory. Additional calculations are carried out for the dominant terms and the uncertainties of our final values are estimated for all states. A comprehensive review of the existing theoretical and experimental studies of the Cs polarizabilities is also carried out. Our results are compared with other values where they are available. These calculations provide a theoretical benchmark for a large number of Cs polarizabilities. * Electronic address: usafrono@nd.edu; On leave from ISAN, Troitsk, Russia In 2005, Gould and Miller [3] wrote a comprehensive review of the experimental methods to determine the static electric-dipole polarizabilities. Miller and Bederson's earlier review from 1988 [4] concentrated on the bulk polarizability measurements and the atomic beam methods. Average bulk ground state static polarizabilities are measured by determining the dielectric constant of an atomic or molecular gas. The bulk dynamic polarizabilities are determined by measuring the refractive index of the gas, see [4]. The bulk methods are very accurate, but their limitation lies in the need to deal with atoms or molecules that are stable and gaseous at room temperature and the fact that the effect of the excited states can not be accounted for.In 1974, Molof et al.[5] used the E-H-gradient balance technique to measure the static electricdipole polarizabilities of alkali-metal atoms. They obtained the value (59.6 ± 1.2) 10 −24 cm 3 for electric-dipole polarizability of the ground state of cesium. Hall and Zorn [6] measured the value (63.3 ± 4.6) 10 −24 cm 3 for the electric-dipole polarizability of the ground state of cesium. They used the deflection of a velocity-selected atomic beam in inhomogeneous electric field. The technique is based on the fact that the deflection experienced by atoms moving through a region with known transverse electric field gradient is proportional to the dipole polarizability of the atoms. An important detail of this technique is that the precision with which the velocity of the atoms is known puts a limitation on the precision of the experiment. The short interaction time in the case of high velocity which leads to small deflection of the beam places another limitation on the accuracy of this method.In 1995, Ekstrom et al.[7] designed an atomic interference experiment that allowed them to measure the ground state energy shifts with spectroscopic precision and determine the ground state dipole polarizability. In 2003, Amini and Gould [8] designed an experiment that avoids the problems associated with the measuring the deflection of a thermal beam in transverse electric-field gradient. They measure the effect of the electric-field gradient on the lo...

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Section: A Experimental Methods and Studies Of The Atomic Polarizabil...mentioning

confidence: 95%

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confidence: 95%

High-precision study of Cs polarizabilities

Iskrenova-Tchoukova

Safronova

2008

JCM

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“…The first experimental demonstration of crossings of certain magnetic (m F ) components of hyperfine structure (hfs) levels F at non-zero electric field E was reported in 1966 in a paper by Khadjavi, Happer and Lurio [1]. In this work, the authors observed the Stark effect in the second excited state of the alkali metal atoms 85,87 Rb (6P 3/2 ) and 133 Cs (7P 3/2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Electric field induced hyperfine level-crossings in (nD)Cs at two-step laser excitation: Experiment and theory

Auzinsh

Blushs

Ferber

et al. 2006

Optics Communications

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The pure electric field level-crossing of mF Zeeman sublevels of hyperfine F levels at two-step laser excitation was described theoretically and studied experimentally for the nD 3/2 states in Cs with n = 7, 9 and 10, by applying a diode laser in the first 6S 1/2 → 6P 3/2 step and a diode or dye laser for the second 6P 3/2 → nD 3/2 step. Level-crossing resonance signals were observed in the nD 3/2 → 6P 1/2 fluorescence. A theoretical model was developed to describe quantitatively the resonance signals by correlation analysis of the optical Bloch equations in the case when an atom simultaneously interacts with two laser fields in the presence of an external dc electric field. The simulations described well the experimental signals. The tensor polarizabilities α2 (in a 3 0 ) were determined to be 7.45(20) × 10 4 for the 7D 3/2 state and 1.183(35) × 10 6 for the 9D 3/2 state; a well established α2 value for 10D 3/2 was used to calibrate the electric field. The α2 value for the 7D 3/2 state differed by ca. 15% from the existing experimentally measured value.

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“…Level-crossing spectroscopy in an electric field has been shown to be a useful technique to determine atomic properties. Already the first experimental studies of resonant signals at pure electric field crossings of magnetic ±m F components of certain hyperfine (hfs) atomic levels F at nonzero electric field [1,2,3] and their further development by applying two-step laser excitation [4] demonstrated how this technique could be used to obtain atomic properties. The method makes use of the fact that the electric field values at which magnetic sublevels m F cross in an electric field depend on the tensor polarizability α 2 and on the hfs constants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Level-crossing spectroscopy of the 7, 9, and10D5∕2states ofCs133and

et al. 2007

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We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of the polarizabilities and hyperfine constants of DJ states in 133 Cs for J = 3/2 and J = 5/2. New experimental values for the hyperfine constant A are obtained from level-crossing signals of the (7,9,10)D 5/2 states of 133 Cs and precise calculations of the tensor polarizabilities α2. The results of relativistic many-body calculations for scalar and tensor polarizabilities of the (5-10)D 3/2 and (5-10)D 5/2 states are presented and compared with measured values from the literature. Calculated values of the hyperfine constants A for these states are also presented and checked for consistency with experimental values.

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Electric-Field Level-Crossing Spectroscopy

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

High-precision study of Cs polarizabilities

High-precision study of Cs polarizabilities

Electric field induced hyperfine level-crossings in (nD)Cs at two-step laser excitation: Experiment and theory

Level-crossing spectroscopy of the 7, 9, and10D5∕2states ofCs133and

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