Electric field directed assembly of an InGaAs LED onto silicon circuitry

Part-to-Part and Part-to-Substrate Magnetic Self-Assembly of Millimeter Scale Components with Angular Orientation

“…In the past, researchers have explored gravity, fluidic forces, capillary forces, and electrostatic and magnetic fields to drive the self-assembly process [2][3][4][5][6]. Most of these methods do not match the full functionality, cost, throughput, or accuracy offered by robotic and manual assembly.…”

Boundary effects on electrophoresis of a colloidal cylinder with a nonuniform zeta potential distribution

“…For example, the translation and rotation of each of an array of nonuniformly charged bichromal spheres in its own elastomer-made and solvent-filled cavity controlled by imposing a voltage of either positive or negative polarity have been applied to a technology of electric paper displays [48,49]. Also, an electrophoretic positioning process has been employed in electronic applications for assembling very small individual devices, such as an InGaAs light-emitting diode or a nanowire, which is nonuniformly charged and must have all electric contacts available on one surface, onto the contact electrodes of a silicon circuit by biasing the contacts to control the placement of these devices with the precision required [50,51]. Recently, the electrophoresis of a dielectric spherical particle in a concentric spherical cavity with nonuniform zeta potential distributions at the solid surfaces has been investigated and analytical expressions for the translational and angular velocities of the particle in terms of the monopole, dipole, and quadrupole moments of the zeta potentials were obtained [52].…”

Modeling of coupled momentum, heat and solute transport during DNA hybridization in a microchannel in the presence of electro-osmotic effects and axial pressure gradients

“…Overall, the entire phenomenon relies solely on diffusion of probe molecules to the DNA target surface, requiring several hours to achieve efficient hybridization of DNA molecules to capture probes. In an attempt to circumvent the above limitations, 'active' microelectronic devices constituting microchip-based hybridization arrays have recently been proposed, which utilize electric field as an independent parameter to control DNA transport, enhance hybridization and improve stringency of nucleic acid interactions (Heller 1996;Sosnowski et al 1997;Edman et al 2000;Radtkey et al 2000;Eugene et al 2000;Cheng et al 1998). In typical arrangements utilizing such electrokinetic effects, electrode arrays are covered with a permeation layer with embedded DNA capture probes, in an effort to control the transport of biomolecules and achieve their accumulation and hybridization at desired sites.…”