Elastomeric transparent capacitive sensors based on an interpenetrating composite of silver nanowires and polyurethane

Wei-li, HU; Niu, Xiaofan; Zhao, Ran; Pei, Qibing

doi:10.1063/1.4794143

Cited by 303 publications

(264 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Similar peak and recovered values were seen for all stretching speeds, from 2 to 480 mm/min. A dynamically stable strain-resistance relationship was found for our electrodes, over a vast range of stretching speeds, outperforming previously reported results [29]. The obtained dynamic stability might be attributed to the strong adhesion between the AgNWs and the PU.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The substrate was then annealed for 2 h at 220 °C in a convection oven. Hu et al fabricated a AgNW electrode by embedding the AgNWs in the surface layer of an elastomeric polyurethane matrix [29]. The fabrication process involved annealing the drop-casted AgNWs on a glass plate for 30 min at 190 °C , followed by drop-casting the urethane compounds onto the AgNWs and curing for 24 h. Liang et al fabricated a AgNW/poly(urethane acrylate) (PUA) composite electrode by coating the AgNWs with PUA precursor solution, followed by curing the coated material [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facile fabrication of stretchable Ag nanowire/polyurethane electrodes using high intensity pulsed light

et al. 2016

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Silver nanowires (AgNWs) have emerged as a promising nanomaterial for next generation stretchable electronics. However, until now, the fabrication of AgNWbased components has been hampered by complex and time-consuming steps. Here, we introduce a facile, fast, and one-step methodology for the fabrication of highly conductive and stretchable AgNW/polyurethane (PU) composite electrodes based on a high-intensity pulsed light (HIPL) technique. HIPL simultaneously improved wire-wire junction conductivity and wire-substrate adhesion at room temperature and in air within 50 μs, omitting the complex transfer-curing-implanting process. Owing to the localized deformation of PU at interfaces with AgNWs, embedding of the nanowires was rapidly carried out without substantial substrate damage. The resulting electrode retained a low sheet resistance (high electrical conductivity) of <10 Ω/sq even under 100% strain, or after 1,000 continuous stretching-relaxation cycles, with a peak strain of 60%. The fabricated electrode has found immediate application as a sensor for motion detection. Furthermore, based on our electrode, a light emitting diode (LED) driven by integrated stretchable AgNW conductors has been fabricated. In conclusion, our present fabrication approach is fast, simple, scalable, and costefficient, making it a good candidate for a future roll-to-roll process.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile fabrication of stretchable Ag nanowire/polyurethane electrodes using high intensity pulsed light

et al. 2016

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“…In capacitive DESs, strain sensing is performed by detecting changes in the membrane capacitance 10 , and touch sensing is performed by detecting changes in the fringe field between parallel or co-planar electrodes 3,11 . Here the electrode compliance is required to enable the elastic properties of the elastomers to be fully exploited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution, Large-Area Fabrication of Compliant Electrodes via Laser Ablation for Robust, Stretchable Dielectric Elastomer Actuators and Sensors

Araromi

Rosset

Shea

2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

105

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A key element in stretchable actuators, sensors and systems based on elastomer materials are compliant electrodes. While there exist many methodologies for fabricating electrodes on dielectric elastomers, very few succeed in achieve high-resolution patterning over large areas. We present a novel approach for the production of mechanically robust, highresolution compliant electrodes for stretchable silicone elastomer actuators and sensors. 2 to 50 µm thick cast poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS)-carbon composite layers are patterned by laser ablation and subsequently bonded to a PDMS membrane by oxygen plasma activation. The technique affords great design flexibility and high-resolution, and readily scales to large area arrays of devices. We validate our methodology by producing arrays of actuators and sensors on 2 up to A4-size substrates, reporting on micro-scale dielectric elastomer actuators (DEA) generating area strains of over 25%, and interdigitated capacitive touch sensors with high sensitivity yet insensitivity to substrate stretching. We demonstrate the ability to co-fabricate highly integrated multifunctional transducers using the same process flow, showing the methodology's promise in realizing sophisticated and reliable complex stretchable devices with fine features over large areas.

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“…The reported GF varies between 0.4 and 1.3 due to the fringing fields associated with finite-size parallel-plate capacitors, [127] and the strain range varies between 50% and 300% depending on the stretchability of the electrodes and the dielectric. [24,25,41,43,[127][128][129][130][131] For example, a capacitive strain sensor was fabricated with stretchable AgNW/PDMS conductors as the top and bottom electrodes and Ecoflex as the dielectric material. The sensor exhibited good linearity, GF of 0.7 and a sensing range of 50%.…”

Section: Capacitive Strain Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18,[33][34][35] To fabricate the wearable sensors, conventional lithographic processes can be extended to pattern nanomaterials. [23,[36][37][38] Solution based processing methods such as spray coating, [25,39,40] drop casting, [41][42][43][44][45] spin coating, [46,47] dip coating, [48] vacuum filtration, [49][50][51] and layer-by-layer assembly [52] were commonly used for fabrication of nanomaterial-based sensors. Direct spinning of CNTs onto a substrate or into yarns [53][54][55] and electrospinning of nanofibers or NWs were reported to produce fiber-like nanomaterials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterial‐Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare

Yao

Swetha

Zhu

2017

Adv Healthcare Materials

435

296

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humidity level, and concentration of harmful gases, and airborne particulates can provide valuable information for the prediction, management, and treatment of chronic diseases. [4,5] In addition to the applications in wearable health monitoring, continuous tracking of daily and sports activities can offer an efficient way to assess the well-being and athletic performances. [6] In order to ensure a robust and conformal contact with the curvilinear, coarse, and dynamic surface of skin without impeding daily activities, the wearable sensor should have low modulus and high stretchability. The epidermis has a modulus of 140-600 kPa while the dermis has an even lower modulus of 2-80 kPa. [7] Skin itself can be stretched elastically up to 15% and with the help of wrinkles and creases, the overall stretchability can reach as high as 100% during daily motions. [8] In addition to good wearability, wearable sensors should be highly sensitive, lightweight, low-cost, and with low power consumption. To achieve these features, nanomaterials that are compliant, possessing larger surface area and exceptional material properties, and compatible with low-cost fabrication processes are widely employed as building blocks for developing wearable sensors.In this review, we start from a brief overview of nanomaterials, their related structural designs and fabrication processes (Section 2). Following that, recent advances of nanomaterialenabled wearable sensors including temperature, electrophysiological, strain, tactile, electrochemical, and other sensors will be summarized (Section 3). A survey on the integration of multiple sensors and other components into wearable systems will be given in Section 4. The application of nanomaterialenabled wearable sensors for healthcare including health monitoring, activity tracking, and electronic skin will be presented in Section 5. The challenges and opportunities will be discussed at the end. Nanomaterials, Structural Designs, and Fabrication ProcessesNanomaterials can be classified into two categories-top-down fabricated ones and bottom-up synthesized ones. [9] The focus of this review is on the wearable sensors based on bottom-up synthesized nanomaterials. Nanomaterials can be synthesized into various dimensions, from 0D such as metallic nanoparticles (NPs), to 1D such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and metallic nanowires (NWs), to 2D such as graphene and transition metal Highly sensitive wearable sensors that can be conformably attached to human skin or integrated with textiles to monitor the physiological parameters of human body or the surrounding environment have garnered tremendous interest. Owing to the large surface area and outstanding material properties, nanomaterials are promising building blocks for wearable sensors. Recent advances in the nanomaterial-enabled wearable sensors including temperature, electrophysiological, strain, tactile, electrochemical, and environmental sensors are presented in this review. Integration of multiple sensors for multimodal sensing and integration with...

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Elastomeric transparent capacitive sensors based on an interpenetrating composite of silver nanowires and polyurethane

Cited by 303 publications

References 21 publications

Facile fabrication of stretchable Ag nanowire/polyurethane electrodes using high intensity pulsed light

Facile fabrication of stretchable Ag nanowire/polyurethane electrodes using high intensity pulsed light

High-Resolution, Large-Area Fabrication of Compliant Electrodes via Laser Ablation for Robust, Stretchable Dielectric Elastomer Actuators and Sensors

Nanomaterial‐Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare

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