Elastic Properties of Open Cell Metallic Foams—Modeling of Pore Size Variation Effect

Abstract

Elastic properties of open‑cell metallic foams are investigated in correlation with relative density and pore size variation. A variety of foam architectures, with open porosity above 70% (relative density below 0.30) and various pore size distributions, were modeled using Laguerre–Voronoi tessellations (LVT). The coefficient of pore volume variation, CV(V), was introduced to quantify the uniformity of designed structures and ranged between 0.5 to 2.1. Elastic behavior of the modeled foams to uniaxial compression along three orthogonal directions was analyzed using the finite element (FE) method. It is shown that Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of open‑cell metals is not solely a function of relative density (porosity) but the pore size variation as well. For similar porosity (approx. 74–98%), Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio may be reduced by approx. 25–30% and 10–25%, respectively, when CV(V) increases from 0.5 to 2.1. Furthermore, the incorporation of a relationship between Young’s modulus and the coefficient of pore volume variation to the Gibson–Ashby model is proposed.