Elastic and Piezoelectric Properties of High-Quality Ferroelectric Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ Single Crystals

Abstract

Piezoelectric properties of ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 (BiT) single crystals have been investigated by a resonance–antiresonance method. Large and high-quality single crystals of BiT were obtained via top-seeded solution growth under a high oxygen pressure of 0.9 MPa. The elastic and piezoelectric constants in the (11), (12), (13), and (26) modes for BiT single crystals have been determined for the first time. It is shown that BiT has a large d 26 constant of 79 pC/N and a large k 26 factor of 40%, indicating that BiT is a promising ferroelectric material for application to shear-mode piezoelectric devices.

Crystal Structural Analyses of Ferrielectric Tetragonal (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3–7%BaTiO3 Powders and Single Crystals

“…Single crystals of BNT-7%BT were grown by a flux method at a high oxygen pressure (P O 2 ¼ 1:0 MPa). [27][28][29][30] At first, BNT-6%BT powders prepared by a solid-state reaction were mixed with a flux composed of Bi 2 O 3 , NaF, and Na 2 CO 3 and then placed in a platinum crucible. The mixture was soaked at 1423 K for 9 h, slowly cooled to 1173 K at a rate of À5 K/h, and then cooled to room temperature.…”