Elaboration of Antibodies by Single Cells

Nossal, G. J. V.; Mäkelä, O.

doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.16.100162.000413

Cited by 71 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…The range of myeloma cell IgG synthesis rates for these patients is similar to those measured by Nathans, Fahey, and Potter for mouse myeloma (1), and to those estimated by Nossal and Mdkeli for normal, antibody-producing plasma cells in the rat (18). With our present in vitro assay systems, similar studies could be carried out on myeloma cells which synthesized IgG at rates as low as 0.3 X 1012 g/cell per day, or on bone marrow samples containing as few as 0.5-1.0% myeloma cells which synthesized at a normal rate for myeloma cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Immunoglobulin synthesis and total body tumor cell number in IgG multiple myeloma

Salmon¹,

Smith²

1970

J. Clin. Invest.

189

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Immunoglobulin synthesis and total body tumor cell number in IgG multiple myeloma

Salmon¹,

Smith²

1970

J. Clin. Invest.

189

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“…Our cells which switch from 19S to 7S production apparently continue to produce only 1 type of antibody-combining site per cell (13). Presumably this is due to changes in the synthesis and/or assembly of the subunits, but until uniformity of opinion on the location of the combining site has been achieved (26)(27)(28), it would be premature to attempt an interpretation of our results in terms of current concepts of globulin structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Single Cell Studies on 19s Antibody Production

Nossal

Szenberg

Ada

et al. 1964

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

274

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“…The presence of antibodies in blasts and immature plasma cells, which are actively dividing cells, indicates that the characteristic function of the fully differentiated plasma cell, namely the production of antibodies (33,34), is already present in cells which are not only poorly differentiated morphologically, but are probably still capable of division. This is confirmed by the direct detection of antibodies in cells in mitosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact the predominant ribosomal fraction in plasma cells, in which antibody synthesis is particularly active (33,34), is the membrane-bounded fraction. On the contrary, in blasts, which are very rich in free polysomes, antibody synthesis is not very developed, as deduced from the fact that the total antibody content per cell is very low or nil in the most primitive forms of these cells (i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of Antibodies by Electron Microscopy in Developing Antibody-Producing Cells

Petris

Karlsbad

1965

The Journal of Cell Biology

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The development of antibody-producing cells in thc early stagcs of the sccondary or hypcrimmune response has becn studied with the electron microscope in lymph nodes of adult chinchilla rabbits immunized with fcrritin or apofcrritin. The intraccllular distribution of antifcrritin antibodies was determined in the lymph node cells at 1 to 5 days after a booster injcction, employing the labelling technique prcviously used by the authors (12) to dcmonstratc the localization of antibodies in mature plasma cells. Antibodies were first detected at 48 hours in blasts; i.e., cells which have a poorly dcveloped endoplasmic reticulum and a cytoplasm filled with many ribosomes grouped in clusters. The label was subscquently found in forms intermediate bctwccn blasts and plasma cells (plasmoblasts, immature plasma cells), in which the cndoplasmic reticulum appeared progressivcly more dcvclopcd. Antifcrritin antibodies wcrc also found in cells in mitosis. In all the above ccll types, antigcnantibody precipitates were consistently found in the perinuclear space and in the cisternae of the granular endoplasmic rcticulum, from an early stage in the development of thc latter. Evidcncc was also obtained for thc presence of antibody in the Golgi area. The results arc discussed in relation to the possible cellular sites of antibody synthesis.In a previous paper (12) de Petris, Karlsbad, and Pernis described the subcellular distribution of antiferritin antibodies in the typical plasma cells present in lymph nodes of hyperimmunized rabbits on the 4th and 5th day after a booster injection of antigen. The antibodies (marked with ferritin) appeared to be localized in the perinuclear space and cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum, and possibly also in the Golgi region.We have now extended this research to the early stages of the immune response, namely to the study of the cells present in the lymph nodes at 24 to 72 hours after restimulation. These early stages are characterized by active cellular division, accompanied by a series of cellular transformations entailing marked ultrastructural changes. In an effort to throw light on the cellular aspects of antibody synthesis, we have tried to correlate the beginning and further development of the antibody-synthesizing activity, as deduced from the initial and subsequent intracellular distribution of labelled antibodies, with the morphological changes which occur in the antibody-producing cells and eventually lead to their full differentiation into plasma cells.The technique employed for labelling the antibodies was essentially the same as that used in the previous investigation (12): it consisted in incubating ferritin with lymph node cells of animals immunized with either ferritin or apoferritin, after suitable treatment aimed at allowing the penetration of the marker (ferritin) into the ceils. The localization of antibodies was deduced from the distribution of ferritin-antiferritin microprecipitates.Preliminary communications on this subject 759

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Elaboration of Antibodies by Single Cells

Cited by 71 publications

References 16 publications

Immunoglobulin synthesis and total body tumor cell number in IgG multiple myeloma

Immunoglobulin synthesis and total body tumor cell number in IgG multiple myeloma

Single Cell Studies on 19s Antibody Production

Localization of Antibodies by Electron Microscopy in Developing Antibody-Producing Cells

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