Elabela Peptide: An Emerging Target in Therapeutics

Sharma, Maneesha; Prabhavalkar, Kedar; Bhatt, Lokesh Kumar

doi:10.2174/1389450123666220826160123

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Elabela is a micropeptide recognized as the second endogenous ligand for APJ [26]. Its involvement in physiological and pathological conditions will not be discussed in this review.…”

Section: Physiology Of the Apelin/apj Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Yin and Yang Effect of the Apelinergic System in Oxidative Stress

Fibbi

Marroncini

Naldi

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Apelin is an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor APJ and has multiple biological activities in human tissues and organs, including the heart, blood vessels, adipose tissue, central nervous system, lungs, kidneys, and liver. This article reviews the crucial role of apelin in regulating oxidative stress-related processes by promoting prooxidant or antioxidant mechanisms. Following the binding of APJ to different active apelin isoforms and the interaction with several G proteins according to cell types, the apelin/APJ system is able to modulate different intracellular signaling pathways and biological functions, such as vascular tone, platelet aggregation and leukocytes adhesion, myocardial activity, ischemia/reperfusion injury, insulin resistance, inflammation, and cell proliferation and invasion. As a consequence of these multifaceted properties, the role of the apelinergic axis in the pathogenesis of degenerative and proliferative conditions (e.g., Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, osteoporosis, and cancer) is currently investigated. In this view, the dual effect of the apelin/APJ system in the regulation of oxidative stress needs to be more extensively clarified, in order to identify new potential strategies and tools able to selectively modulate this axis according to the tissue-specific profile.

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“…Elabela is a micropeptide recognized as the second endogenous ligand for APJ [26]. Its involvement in physiological and pathological conditions will not be discussed in this review.…”

Section: Physiology Of the Apelin/apj Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Yin and Yang Effect of the Apelinergic System in Oxidative Stress

Fibbi

Marroncini

Naldi

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Recent studies have indicated the importance of apela in various physiological and pathological processes 13 . Apela is a peptide with 55‐amino acid secretory precursors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apela promotes blood vessel regeneration and remodeling in zebrafish

Nys,

Khatib,

Siegfried

2024

Sci Rep

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In contrast to adult mammals, zebrafish display a high capacity to heal injuries and repair damage to various organs. One of the earliest responses to injury in adult zebrafish is revascularization, followed by tissue morphogenesis. Tissue vascularization entails the formation of a blood vessel plexus that remodels into arteries and veins. The mechanisms that coordinate these processes during vessel regeneration are poorly understood. Hence, investigating and identifying the factors that promote revascularization and vessel remodeling have great therapeutic potential. Here, we revealed that fin vessel remodeling critically depends on Apela peptide. We found that Apela selectively accumulated in newly formed zebrafish fin tissue and vessels. The temporal expression of Apela, Apln, and their receptor Aplnr is different during the regenerative process. While morpholino-mediated knockdown of Apela (Mo-Apela) prevented vessel remodeling, exogenous Apela peptide mediated plexus repression and the development of arteries in regenerated fins. In contrast, Apela enhanced subintestinal venous plexus formation (SIVP). The use of sunitinib completely inhibited vascular plexus formation in zebrafish, which was not prevented by exogenous application. Furthermore, Apela regulates the expression of vessel remolding-related genes including VWF, IGFPB3, ESM1, VEGFR2, Apln, and Aplnr, thereby linking Apela to the vascular plexus factor network as generated by the STRING online database. Together, our findings reveal a new role for Apela in vessel regeneration and remodeling in fin zebrafish and provide a framework for further understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in vessel regeneration.

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“…Elabela (Ela), a recently discovered peptide hormone (also called Apela/Toddler) is a molecule composed of thirty-two amino acids. It’s an endogenous ligand for apelin (APJ), a G-protein-coupled-receptor[ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elabela is a reliable biomarker for predicting early onset preeclampsia: A comparative study

Ali¹,

Nori²,

Salman³

et al. 2023

World J Clin Cases

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BACKGROUND Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystemic metabolic disease with an undetermined etiology. PE is a worldwide cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity, subdivided into early (EoPE) and late-onset (LoPE) according to 34 wk of gestation as a divider. Many researchers investigated biomarkers for predicting PE to halt its consequences on the feto-maternal outcome. Elabela (Ela) is a newly discovered peptide hormone that was implicated in PE pathogenesis. Earlier rodent studies discussed Ela’s role in controlling blood pressure. Moreover, Ela deficiency was associated with PE development. AIM To test whether plasma Ela could serve as a reliable marker for predicting PE based on the time of onset (EoPE vs LoPE) compared to age and body mass matched healthy controls since no definitive treatment exists for PE but to terminate a pregnancy. METHODS This case-control study recruited ( n = 90) pregnant who fulfilled inclusion criteria; they were allocated into three groups: EoPE (30/90) (< 34 wk of gestation); LoPE (30/90) (≥ 34 wk of gestation); and healthy pregnant (30/90). Demographic criteria; biochemical, hematological, and maternal plasma Ela levels were recorded for comparison. RESULTS Serum Ela was significantly reduced in EoPE compared to LoPE and healthy controls ( P = 0.0023). The correlation confirmed a strong inverse relationship with mean atrial blood pressure ( r = -0.7, P < 0.001), while gestational age and platelets count showed a moderate correlation with ( r = 0.4 with P < 0.0001). No correlation was confirmed between the body mass index (BMI) and urine albumin. The predictive ability of 25 centile serum Ela had an Odds ratio of 5.21, 95% confidence interval (1.28, 21.24), P = 0.02 for predicting EoPE. The receiver operator characteristic curve defined the Ela cutoff value at > 9.156 with 96.7% and 93.3% sensitivity and specificity, P < 0.0001 in predicting EoPE. CONCLUSION A strong correlation of serum Ela with PE parameters with excellent sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing EoPE independent of the BMI, age, and blood pressure which makes Ela a recommendable marker in screening. Further research is warranted to explore prognostic and therapeutic applications for Ela in PE.

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Elabela Peptide: An Emerging Target in Therapeutics

Cited by 8 publications

References 78 publications

The Yin and Yang Effect of the Apelinergic System in Oxidative Stress

The Yin and Yang Effect of the Apelinergic System in Oxidative Stress

Apela promotes blood vessel regeneration and remodeling in zebrafish

Elabela is a reliable biomarker for predicting early onset preeclampsia: A comparative study

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