El capital activo de los comerciantes ambulantes: un análisis cualitativo de sus redes sociales.

FORMLESS: A Day at Lima's Office of Formalization

“…Because their main function is of a defensive kind, vendors associations kick into full gear mainly when threatened by the municipal government. At other times, they tend to become diffused, suspended by inaction or disagreement, eagerly coalescing again only around feasts and recreational events (see also Aliaga :24–25).…”

“…These organizations come into being and dissolve, become active or inactive as need of them arises among vendors to act before the city or state as a front. Norms are crafted and adopted, valued or ignored, depending on the degree of cohesiveness of the group (which is usually low) and on perceptions of whom the norms benefit or whom they hurt (Aliaga , ). Leaders within organizations are democratically elected but just as easily deposed when tides of support change because of suspicion, animosity, or rivalry.…”

Lumpen Politics? A Day in “El Hueco”

“… 5 Lisette Aliaga-Linares (2002) writes about vendor associations, cooperatives, and social networks in Lima, and notes that their efficacy as social capital depends on closeness of relationships and levels of trust. For a discussion of vendor organizations in La Cancha in Cochabamba, Bolivia, see Goldstein 2016.…”