Eksplorasi, isolasi dan identifikasi Jamur entomopatogen yang menginfeksi serangga hama

Abstract

ABSTRACT
 Entomopathogenic fungi are classified as a fungus that infects insect pests. Hyphae color that comes out of the insect's body depends on the type of entomopathogenic fungus that attacks it. The purpose of this research is to explore, isolate and identify entomopathogenic fungi that attack insect pests. Samples of dead insects were taken from vegetable crops in the highlands of Pagaralam City and the lowlands of Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. In addition, exploration is also carried out using insect bait methods. This method is carried out on soils taken from the highlands of the fencealam area and Pekanbaru area. Based on the results of entomopathogenic expolation in vegetable plants that infect insects in the field there are 2 types of fungi that attack the insect. Two types of entomapatogenic fungi were found to have characteristics, namely the first hyphal color is rather green which covers the entire body of the insect and the second is white hyphae. The fungus that attacks the insect, then isolated to the GYA media found two entomopathogenic fungi namely, Metarhizium sp. and Beauveria bassiana. Meanwhile, through insect bait using soil T. molitor larvae, one species of entomopathogenic fungus was found, namely Metarhizium sp. The most infected T. molitor larvae in the soil of origin of Pekanbaru in the 2nd and 4th weeks, namely, 21.90 and 29.33 tails.
 
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 Keywords: Entomopathogenic Fungus, Insect Pest and Tenibrio molitor

Exploration of Beauveria Bassiana Entomopathogen on Leptocorisa Acuta in Ricefield

“…According to Arsi et al (2020), Besides being found to infect L. oratorius, Beauveria bassiana was also found to infect Nilaparvata lugens Stall. The fungus B. bassiana was very effective in killing N. lugens, according to Minarti (2018) B. bassiana isolates BPcMs shaker was more effective in killing N. lugens nymphs (100%), while Minarni et al (2020) found that B. bassiana had a lower ability to kill N. lugens, which was 70-80%.…”

“…The host insect becomes hard and stiff (the mummification process). The growth of external hyphae produces conidia that envelop the host body and spread to the environment that has the potential to infect other healthy insects (McCoy et al, 1988;Tanada and Kaya, 1993;Jauharlina and Hendrival, 2003;Fuxa and Richter, 2004;Arsi et al, 2020).…”

Pelatihan Pembuatan Biopestisida Secara Sederhana pada Kelompok Tani di Kota Palangka Raya sebagai Solusi Efisiensi Biaya di Masa Pandemi Covid 19

“…Sedangkan koloni jamur Beauveria sp. berwarna putih dengan penampilan seperti ditutupi bedak (Arsi, Pujiastuti, Kusuma, & Gunawan, 2020;Trizelia, Armon, & Jailani, 2015).…”

“…Pengendalian hayati yang banyak digunakan untuk mengendalikan serangga hama di lapangan yaitu menggunakan jamur entomopatogen Beauveria dan Metarhizium karena memiliki kelebihan dalam kapasitas produksi yang tinggi, siklus hidup jamur relatif singkat dan mampu bertahan terhadap kondisi lingkungan yang buruk (Arsi et al, 2020). Biopestisida berbahan aktif jamur entomopatogen serangga sudah banyak dilaporkan tidak memberikan dampak negatif baik bagi agroekosistem (tanaman, serangga berguna) dan petani, namun efektif mengendalikan serangga hama sasaran.…”

JALUR INFEKSI Beauveria bassiana DAN Metarhizium anisopliae SEBAGAI PENGENDALI HAYATI COLEOPTERA:Oryctes rhinoceros L.

“…Hasil SEM pada kadaver imago Kuschelorhynchus macadamiae yang terinfeksi B. bassiana dan M. anisopliae memperlihatkan bahwa jumlah konidia yang menempel di bagian kepala dan kaki lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan konidia yang menempel pada bagian tubuh yang lain. Lebih lanjut (Arsi, et al, 2020) melaporkan bahwa proses perendaman pakan dengan cendawan entomopatogen berdampak terhadap kecepatan penyerapan oleh pakan. Serangga segera memakan pakan tersebut sehingga lebih memudahkan cendawan berkecambah di dalam tubuh serangga dan membuat serangga cepat mati.…”