“…Results on spectral theory of discrete or combinatorial Laplacians can be found, e.g., in [41,4,5,7,27]. For continuous (quantum) graph Laplacians we mention the works [12,15,[17][18][19][20][21]25,29,31,34,36,38] and the recent book [8]. In particular, a heat equation approach for the index formula for certain metric graph Laplacian (with energy-independent scattering matrix) can be found in [16].…”