Efikasi Ekstrak Sirih, Rimpang Lengkuas dan Kunyit terhadap Penekanan Pertumbuhan Xanthomonas oryzae

Abstract

One of the important diseases in rice is the Bacterial Leaf Blight (HDB) or the so-called kresek disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. This disease is one of the main diseases of rice in Indonesia. This is supported by agricultural conditions in hot and humid tropical areas so that disease development is more optimal. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of betel leaf extract and some rhizomes in suppressing the growth of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in-vitro scale. The research was conducted at the Center for Forecasting Plant Pest Organisms (BBPOPT), Karawang, West Java. The extracts of galangal, turmeric, and betel were prepared at concentrations of 10, 15, and 25%, the method used was a scatter plate by taking 10, 50, and 100 μL of Xoo isolate liquid, holding the petri dish to a bunsen fire, and spraying Xoo isolates liquid. into a petri dish containing PSA media + rhizome extract, the dispersing tool used is drigalski. The results of daily observations of rhizome extract antagonist testing on Xoo growth showed that the treatment of betel leaf extract with a concentration of 10%, 15%, and 25% had a high bacterial inhibitory value compared to other treatments with 100% inhibition, whereas in the control treatment (only PSA media) shows that it does not have bacterial inhibition, and the galangal rhizome extract treatment has the highest inhibitory power when compared to other treatments on 100 μL of Xoo bacterial suppression.

Dry Heat Treatment and Galangal Rhizome Extract on Soybean Seeds Infected with Xanthomonas axonopodis

“…Pengendalian secara kimiawi dengan ekstrak lengkuas dilaporkan dapat menekan perkembangan patogen tular benih, karena lengkuas mengandung minyak atsiri yang bersifat antibakteri dan antifungi (Yulia et al 2015;Sari et al 2020). Selain itu, ekstrak rimpang lengkuas dapat menekan penyakit hawar daun bakteri yang disebabkan oleh X. oryzae pada padi skala in vivo (Laraswati et al 2021). Tujuan penelitian ialah menentukan keefektifan perlakuan panas kering pada suhu 45 °C atau ekstrak rimpang lengkuas pada benih kedelai yang diinokulasi oleh X. axonopodis.…”

“…Lengkuas diketahui dapat menghambat mikrob patogen karena mengandung saponin dan asetoxichavikol, selain itu ekstrak rimpang lengkuas dapat berpotensi sebagai pestisida nabati untuk mengendalikan mikrob patogen (Suaib et al 2016). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diberikan maka semakin sedikit kemunculan bakteri pada benih kedelai dan semakin efektif juga dalam menghambat keaktifannya (Laraswati et al 2021). Ekstrak rimpang lengkuas efektif dalam menekan pertumbuhan sampai 0% pada cendawan dan bakteri dengan konsentrasi 90% dan 100% (Yulia et al 2015).…”