Eficacia de las intervenciones no farmacológicas en la calidad de vida de las personas cuidadoras de pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer

Abstract

The diversity of non-pharmacological interventions used and contents, differences in the number of sessions and hours, and variability of valuation tools used to measure quality of life of family caregivers, leads us to reflect on the appropriateness to standardize criteria, for the sake to improve clinical practice.

Environmental and Psychosocial Interventions in Age-Friendly Communities and Active Ageing: A Systematic Review

“…The environmental interventions identified included various strategies [ 56 ], including those focused on risk reduction (assessment, awareness-raising, collective problem solving, environmental adaptations, significant assistive technologies and environmental and behavioural safety strategies) (72.7%) [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 64 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ], adaptations of the daily environment (removal of barriers and improved function) (36.4%) [ 60 , 67 , 69 , 70 ], incorporation of assistive technology (devices) (9.1%) [ 69 ], and information and education (9.1%) [ 63 ]. Additionally, the psychosocial interventions observed adopted various strategies [ 57 ], including social (behavioural changes in terms of activity aimed at fostering wellbeing, promotion of social participation and empowerment) (36.4%) [ 62 , 65 , 68 , 70 ], training (learning skills) (18.2%) [ 66 , 69 ], psycho-educational (9.1%) [ 63 ] and support groups (9.1%) [ 64 ].…”

“…Psychosocial interventions are intended to understand, predict and change people's social behaviour, as well as to modify harmful aspects of their environment, with the aim of improving quality of life [37]. From this perspective it is possible to distinguish various kinds of intervention: psycho-educational, psycho-therapeutic, social, educational, multi-component and support groups [57]. The selected studies implemented assessments of results related to behavioural changes in terms of lifestyle, such as improvements in health knowledge and behaviour, morbidity and mortality risk factor indices, changes in organisation results (factors related to work, safety and patient care), and changes in outcomes for the eight AFCC domains: outdoor spaces and building; transportation; housing; social participation; respect and social inclusion; civic participation and employment; communication and information; and community support and health services.…”

Calidad De Vida en Cuidadores Informales De Pacientes Con Alzheimer Tras Implementación De Programa Multicomponente

“…Referente a la evaluación, se decide utilizar el cuestionario de salud SF-36, el cual reporta estándares de calidad del Medical Outcome Trust y de la Red Cooperativa para la Investigación en Resultados de Salud y Servicios Sanitarios (Red IRYSS). Este cuestionario ha sido adaptado a la población colombiana, mostrando propiedades psicométricas adecuadas, pudiendo ser aplicado en personas tanto sanas como enfermas 15 , y ha sido usado en la evaluación del efecto de las intervenciones enfocadas en el cuidador 17 , además, ha mostrado ser sensible al cambio frente a intervenciones no farmacológicas para cuidadores 18 .…”

Ensayo controlado aleatorizado de un programa multicomponente para cuidadores informales de pacientes con Alzheimer

“…A la luz de la evidencia, existen programas de intervención que pueden llegar a disminuir los efectos negativos de rol [21][22][23][24][25] , sin embargo, se han realizado algunas críticas en relación al impacto, y la calidad metodológica de las intervenciones 26-27-28 . En relación a Los programas multicomponente tienen un impacto en diferentes resultados de salud de los cuidadores, sin embargo, su efectividad depende de los componentes que contengan [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] ; esto lleva a la necesidad de reflexionar sobre la unificación de criterios y componentes de las intervenciones, así como su efecto en poblaciones latinoamericanas.…”