Effort-Reward-Imbalance, Burnout, and Depression Among Psychiatrists 2006 and 2016-Changes After a Legislative Intervention

Abstract

Background: Physicians, especially psychiatrists, have a high risk of job-related stress, and mental impairment. In our study we examined changes in private and occupational stress factors and mental health within a decade. The legislative reduction of physicians' working hours in Germany during this period made it possible to investigate the impact of working hours in particular.Methods: Questionnaires were administered at two psychiatrist meetings (2006 and 2016) about job and family situation, depressiveness, burnout and effort-reward imbalance. A total of N = 1,797 datasets were analyzed.Results: Working hours and free weekends were associated with mental health indices. Correlation analyses showed that a reduction in weekly working hours and working days at weekends was related to reduced scores for effort-reward-imbalance, burnout and depression.Conclusions: Our data show changes in workplace stress and mental health in psychiatrists in a decade in which a reduction in working hours has been required by law. These results can provide indications of effective prevention strategies in the professional context of physicians working in psychiatry.

Prevalência de Burnout em médicos psiquiatras: uma revisão integrativa

“…Na presente revisão, apenas dois estudos 19,21 obtiveram que pessoas do sexo feminino foram mais acometidas pela SB do que as do sexo masculino. Já outros autores 20,[22][23][24] , verificaram o contrário: que a prevalência de burnout em homens foi maior que em mulheres.…”

“…Alemanha (1) Beschoner 2021 19 A prevalência de SB nos estudos variou de 5% 19 a 86% 20 . O estudo realizado com os psiquiatras listados no diretório nacional do Veterans Administration (VA) 20 foi aquele com a maior prevalência de SB: 86,6% da amostra.…”

“…O estudo realizado com os psiquiatras listados no diretório nacional do Veterans Administration (VA) 20 foi aquele com a maior prevalência de SB: 86,6% da amostra. Quatro estudos 19,[22][23][24] (66,6% dos estudos) trazem prevalências de Burnout inferiores a cinquenta por cento entres os profissionais pesquisados. Apenas um estudo 20 (16,6% dos estudos) além do realizado no VA, demonstrou prevalência de SB acima de 50% (58,9% da amostra), tendo sido executado entre os psiquiatras de um hospital no Egito.…”

“…Em relação ao gênero, apenas em dois dos artigos (33,3%) constatou-se que indivíduos do sexo feminino foram mais acometidos pela SB do que os do sexo masculino 19,21 .…”

Gender moderates the association between chronic academic stress with top-down and bottom-up attention

“…Although using the ERI as a continuous variable may have improved power to detect relationships between variables, we chose to dichotomise the ERI variable at 1, based on the correlations and the expectation of increased health risk to participants with an ERI > 1 . The criterion validity of this cut-off has been demonstrated in both experimental (e.g., Almadi et al, 2013;Landolt et al, Penz et al, 2019;Vrijkotte et al, 2000) and large epidemiological studies (e.g., Beschoner, et al, 2021;Dragano et al, 2017;Duchaine et al, 2020;Kivimäki et al, 2018) as a valid predictor of disease risk Additionally, the continuous ERI variable had clusters of outlying scores at either end of the distribution that were removed during scanning for multivariate outliers that may have led to an underestimate of the association of the predictor with the outcomes. As such, the ERI group variable was used in all subsequent regression models.…”