Efficient tetracycline removal from aqueous solutions using ionic liquid modified magnetic activated carbon (IL@mAC)

Abstract

Tetracycline (TCy) belongs to PPCPs is such an widely used antibacterial drug, which is discharged from urban wastewater treatment plants or agricultural e uents. Due to low metabolism, poor absorption, overuse, and misuse, TCy is considered as threat to environmental and its removal from waste-water is vital. In this research, a novel ionic liquid modi ed magnetic activated carbon nanocomposite (IL@mAC) was synthesized, characterized, and the adsorption e ciency of IL@mAC for removal of TCy was investigated under different operational parameters of pH (3-11); dose of IL@mAC (0.01-0.1 g/50 mL); reaction time (30-240 min), and initial TCy concentration (50-1500 mg/L). The IL@mAC characterization was done using XRD, VSM, SEM-EDX, BET, and FTIR. Results of equilibrium experiment showed that the highest removal e ciency (~ 98%) was obtained using 0.06 g of IL@mAC in 135 min at pH 7 and temperature 303 K. Considering the correlation coe cients (R 2 ) for different adsorption models, it can be deduced that adsorption of TCy onto IL@mAC is better followed by Langmuir (0.9977) in comparison to Freundlich (0.9412), and Temkin (0.9536) models. Furthermore, Langmuir adsorption capacity was observed to be 666.7 mg/g. The regeneration study showed that IL@mAC retained around 85% TCy adsorption e ciency after 6th cycle. Finally, the present study indicates that the IL@mAC is of a high applicability and has extremely high adsorbent capacity to remove TCy from water compared to most of other benchmark adsorbents reported in literature.

Evaluation of Selected Computational Methods of Solving Simultaneous Equations in Environmental Science for the Treatment of Textile Wastewater

“…The experimental data (Tables 1 to 4) was fitted to modified model equations. (Nordin et al, 2004;Aber and Sheydaei, 2012;Thirugnanasambandham et al, 2014, Asgari et al, 2020and Bazrafshan et al, 2021).…”

“…The Microsoft Excel Solver method was used for the determination of the Coefficients of the model equations based on accuracy, availability at no additional installation and operational costs. The procedure used for the Matrix method can be summarized as follows (Figure 3 The modified model equations are as follows (Nordin et al, 2004;Aber and Sheydaei, 2012;Thirugnanasambandham et al, 2014, Asgari et al, 2020and Bazrafshan et al, 2021):…”

Recent Advances in Ionic Liquids and Ionic Liquid-Functionalized Graphene: Catalytic Application and Environmental Remediation

“…Bazrafshan et al [ 9 ] used nanocomposites consisting of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate-modified magnetic activated carbon (IL@mAC) to remove tetracycline from wastewater. The highest removal efficiency of ~88% was obtained under the conditions of pH 7, 303 K reaction temperature, 0.06 g/kg dosage, and 135 min reaction time.…”

Decolorisation of textile wastewater using biosynthesised iron oxide nanomaterials and Optimisation by Response Surface Methodology

“…Adsorption technique based on adsorbents is a cost-effective and promising alternative. [8][9] The removal efficiency is significantly increased when nanoscale adsorbents are used. High adsorption capacity is made possible by the special characteristics of nanoadsorbents, which include tiny size and a high surface area-to-volume ratio.…”

“…However, the majority of those methods are expensive because they require a lot of energy and chemicals, and frequently the treatment is ineffective. Adsorption technique based on adsorbents is a cost‐effective and promising alternative [8–9] . The removal efficiency is significantly increased when nanoscale adsorbents are used.…”