Efficient perovskite solar cells based on novel three-dimensional TiO2 network architectures

Lü, Hao; Deng, Kaiming; Yan, Nina; Ma, Yulong; Gu, Bangkai; Wang, Yong; Li, Liang

doi:10.1007/s11434-016-1050-x

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Recently, lead halide perovskites have aroused tremendous interests in various optoelectronic applications such as solar cells, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, and photodetectors . Compared with other commonly used semiconductors, perovskites present excellent photoelectric properties such as long‐range charge transport and efficient charge collection, long carrier diffusion length, broad chemical tunability, and high balanced hole and electron mobility .…”

Section: Comparison Of Optical and Electrical Properties Of Cspbbr3 Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large and Ultrastable All‐Inorganic CsPbBr₃ Monocrystalline Films: Low‐Temperature Growth and Application for High‐Performance Photodetectors

et al. 2018

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deeply studied, it is worth noting that they suffer from low thermal stability and poor antiaqueous solubility, which hinder their practical applications. All-inorganic perovskites CsPbX 3 (X = Cl, Br, I) which have much higher chemical stability than the hybrid ones have been considered a class of advanced optoelectronic materials. [33][34][35] Large perovskite single crystals show significantly higher carrier mobility, longer diffusion length, and carrier lifetime than the small ones especially nanoforms. However, compared with the hybrids, much fewer studies have developed approaches for growing large-scale inorganic perovskite single crystals. [36][37][38][39] At present, most of the CsPbX 3 perovskites are in nanoscale or polycrystalline forms. Besides, the common synthesis methods for CsPbX 3 monocrystalline perovskite such as Bridgman technique, hot-injection route, and ligand-mediated reprecipitation rely on high temperature and need the addition of ligands. Furthermore, compared with the bulk counterparts, the monocrystalline thin films are more suitable for device fabrication. [40] Up to now, the growth methods for hybrid perovskites monocrystalline thin films have been extensively demonstrated, [40][41][42][43] however, the fabrication of large all-inorganic perovskite monocrystalline films is rarely mentioned and highly worth studying to boost device performance.Herein, we present a low-temperature and substrate-independent growth method for ultrastable millimeter-size all-inorganic perovskite monocrystalline films. The size can be well controlled by varying the growth time. The optical and electrical properties of monocrystalline films, such as steady-state fluorescence, carrier concentration and mobility, and fluorescent lifetime are comprehensively demonstrated. The halogen components and proportion can be modulated via a vapor-phase halide-exchange method and thus tuning the optical properties such as color and bandgaps. Besides, these films present excellent long-term stability toward humidity and thermal treatment, which is vital for practical applications. Then the as-grown CsPbBr 3 monocrystalline films were fabricated into photodetectors which exhibit high light detecting performance such as fast response and recovery, high external quantum efficiency (EQE), and long-term stability. These CsPbBr 3 monocrystalline films have potential applications in other optoelectronic applications such as solar cells and LEDs.Stability is a key problem that hinders the practical application of lead halide perovskite. Therefore, all-inorganic perovskite CsPbX 3 monocrystalline films are urgently needed to fabricate photoelectric devices. Herein, a lowtemperature and substrate-independent growth method is demonstrated to grow millimeter-level inorganic perovskite monocrystalline thin films. These films present good optical and electrical properties comparable to bulk ones. What is more, they exhibit excellent long-term stability toward humidity and thermal treatment. The as-grown CsPbBr 3 monocrystalline film...

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Section: Comparison Of Optical and Electrical Properties Of Cspbbr3 Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large and Ultrastable All‐Inorganic CsPbBr₃ Monocrystalline Films: Low‐Temperature Growth and Application for High‐Performance Photodetectors

et al. 2018

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“…Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted explosive attention as a new representative of the third‐generation photovoltaic devices because of the inherent advantages of perovskite as photovoltaic materials such as the high absorption coefficient, weakly bound exciton, and large carrier mobility . Since the first report of perovskite in the field of solar cells by Miyasaka and co‐workers in 2009, the architecture of perovskite‐based solar cells has undergone an evolution from dye‐sensitized to mesoscopic and planar type, and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite‐based solar cells has reached a record of over 20%. Typical PSCs include transparent anode layer (fluorine‐doped tin oxides (FTO) or indium tin oxides (ITO)), electron transport layer (ETL), perovskite as a light sensitive layer, hole transport layer (HTL), and metal cathode (Au or Ag).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells with CdS Inserted at TiO₂/Perovskite Interface

Deng

et al. 2016

Adv Materials Inter

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Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells have undergone an unprecedented development as the next‐generation photovoltaic devices in recent years. The power conversion efficiency and stability are the key factors attracting great attentions from both academic and industrial communities. Here, a nonoxide CdS layer is inserted between TiO2 and perovskite to passivate the TiO2 interface in planar‐type perovskite solar cells. After introducing the CdS layer, significantly enhanced air stability and suppressed recombination between the trapped electrons and perovskite related to inverse transport are observed. At the optimum CdS thickness, a champion power conversion efficiency of 14.26% is achieved compared with 10.31% for the reference CdS‐free devices. This impressive efficiency also surpasses that of previously reported perovskite solar cells based on CdS. The largely improved performance is ascribed to the increased Fermi level of the electron transport layer, more efficient charge transport, and lower recombination rates.

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“…As for the mesoporous type of perovskite solar cells, an additional TiO 2 scaffold layer is introduced on top of the compact TiO 2 layer to function as both the electron transport pathway and skeleton for perovskite infiltration. We recently reported the synthesis of hole blocking layer and scaffold layer at the same time by combing swelling‐induced mesoporous block copolymers (BCPs) templates with ALD technique . BCPs can be easily assembled into mesoporous frame at optional thickness by spin‐coating precursor solution.…”

Section: Application Of Ald In Perovskite Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Application of Atomic Layer Deposition for Organometal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Deng

2016

Adv Materials Inter

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oxide (FTO)/compact electron transport material (ETM)/perovskite/hole transport material (HTM)/metal electrode. [28][29][30][31] Organic HTMs including spiro-MeOTAD, PTAA, and P3HT generally demonstrate better efficiency compared to inorganic HTMs such as CuSCN and NiO due to high hole mobility and better film formation. [32][33][34][35][36] The compact TiO 2 films serve as both electron transport and hole blocking layers. Another is inverted planar type with device configuration of indium tin oxide (ITO)/HTM/perovskite/ETM/cathode, which has received extra attentions due to low temperature manufacturing and flexible substrate compatibility. [37][38][39][40][41] In this architecture, typical perovskite solar cells use PEDOT:PSS as HTM and PCBM as ETM. The last is mesoporous type in which perovskites are deposited onto a mesoporous TiO 2 scaffolds above TiO 2 compact layer. [16,[18][19][20] Especially, mesoporous Al 2 O 3 insulator scaffolds can also work well with a similar efficiency and the perovskite is sandwiched by electron and hole selective materials to form a rectifying junction. [42,43] Latest studies indicate that perovskite can simultaneously function as light harvester and hole transport materials and thus HTM is in fact not necessary. [44][45][46][47] In spite of easy configuration, HTMfree perovskite solar cells exhibit a lower efficiency.Up to now, organometal perovskite solar cells based on TiO 2 scaffolds and CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 , a famous representative of organometal halide perovskites, have achieved a certified efficiency over 20%, [48] which renders it a strong competitor with conventional silicon based solar cells. Efficiency is a key parameter for perovskite solar cells since a high efficiency of photovoltaic panels can lead to the reduction of cost and energy payback time. As for CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 , its theoretical maximum efficiency is larger than 30% [49] and there is still room for practical efficiency approaching to the theoretical limit. Current research in enhancing the efficiency of perovskite solar cells includes architecture optimization, processing improvement, defect passivation, and interface engineering. Another issue to be addressed for the large-scale application of perovskite solar cells is device stability. [26,49,50] It is known that organometal halide perovskite materials are highly vulnerable to outdoor atmospheric conditions such as water, oxygen, heat, and ultraviolet light. These degradation problems largely reduce the lifetime of perovskite solar cells. Optimized design and proper encapsulation are urgently needed to make sure the perovskite solar cells can work well under long term exposure to real operating environment.Organometal halide perovskite solar cells have undergone an unprecedented development as one of the most promising photovoltaic devices for the future. The conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has reached over 20% which renders it a position to compete with traditional crystalline silicon solar cells. However, the conversion efficiency still ha...

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Efficient perovskite solar cells based on novel three-dimensional TiO2 network architectures

Cited by 30 publications

References 25 publications

Large and Ultrastable All‐Inorganic CsPbBr₃ Monocrystalline Films: Low‐Temperature Growth and Application for High‐Performance Photodetectors

Large and Ultrastable All‐Inorganic CsPbBr₃ Monocrystalline Films: Low‐Temperature Growth and Application for High‐Performance Photodetectors

Boosting Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells with CdS Inserted at TiO₂/Perovskite Interface

Advances in the Application of Atomic Layer Deposition for Organometal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

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Efficient perovskite solar cells based on novel three-dimensional TiO2 network architectures

Cited by 30 publications

References 25 publications

Large and Ultrastable All‐Inorganic CsPbBr3 Monocrystalline Films: Low‐Temperature Growth and Application for High‐Performance Photodetectors

Large and Ultrastable All‐Inorganic CsPbBr3 Monocrystalline Films: Low‐Temperature Growth and Application for High‐Performance Photodetectors

Boosting Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells with CdS Inserted at TiO2/Perovskite Interface

Advances in the Application of Atomic Layer Deposition for Organometal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

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Product

Resources

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Large and Ultrastable All‐Inorganic CsPbBr₃ Monocrystalline Films: Low‐Temperature Growth and Application for High‐Performance Photodetectors

Large and Ultrastable All‐Inorganic CsPbBr₃ Monocrystalline Films: Low‐Temperature Growth and Application for High‐Performance Photodetectors

Boosting Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells with CdS Inserted at TiO₂/Perovskite Interface