Efficient multiparty quantum private comparison protocol based on single photons and rotation encryption

Huang, Xi; Zhang, Wenfang; Zhang, Shibin

doi:10.1007/s11128-023-04027-9

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In the QPC protocol, qubit efficiency [44] can be used to evaluate the utilization of quantum states, which is defined as…”

Section: Efficiency and Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum private comparison for the socialist millionaire problem

Hou,

Sun,

Zhang

2024

Front. Phys.

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The socialist millionaire problem aims to compare the equality of two inputs from two users while keeping their inputs undisclosed to anyone. Quantum private comparison (QPC), whose security relies on the principles of quantum mechanics, can solve this problem and achieve the information-theoretic security of information processing. The current QPC protocols mainly utilize the bitwise XOR operation to implement the comparison, leading to insufficient security. In this paper, we propose a rotation operation-based QPC protocol to solve the socialist millionaire problem, which utilizes Bell states as quantum resources and rotation operations for classical calculations. The proposed protocol only utilizes easy-to-implement technologies such as Bell states, rotation operations, and Bell-basis measurements, making it more practical. The analysis demonstrates that our protocol can meet both the correctness and security requirements. Compared with the existing QPC protocols, our protocol has improved performance in terms of practicability and security.

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“…In the QPC protocol, qubit efficiency [44] can be used to evaluate the utilization of quantum states, which is defined as…”

Section: Efficiency and Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum private comparison for the socialist millionaire problem

Hou,

Sun,

Zhang

2024

Front. Phys.

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“…In this protocol, secrets are divided into multiple groups, which improves efficiency by eliminating the need to compare all groups of information. Since then, different QPC protocols have been continuously proposed, aiming to determine the relationship between private and these studies mainly utilize various quantum states, including single photons [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], Bell states [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], entangled states [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], cluster states [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ] and d-level quantum states [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ] as quantum resources. They also employ different quantum technologies, such as entanglement swapping and unitary operations, as well as determine whether to distribute keys for sharing secret keys to accomplish the comparison.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Quantum Private Comparison Using Four-Particle Cluster State

Hou,

Wu,

Zhang

2024

Entropy

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Quantum private comparison (QPC) enables two users to securely conduct private comparisons in a network characterized by mutual distrust while guaranteeing the confidentiality of their private inputs. Most previous QPC protocols were primarily used to determine the equality of private information between two users, which constrained their scalability. In this paper, we propose a QPC protocol that leverages the entanglement correlation between particles in a four-particle cluster state. This protocol can compare the information of two groups of users within one protocol execution, with each group consisting of two users. A semi-honest third party (TP), who will not deviate from the protocol execution or conspire with any participant, is involved in assisting users to achieve private comparisons. Users encode their inputs into specific angles of rotational operations performed on the received quantum sequence, which is then sent back to TP. Security analysis shows that both external attacks and insider threats are ineffective at stealing private data. Finally, we compare our protocol with some previously proposed QPC protocols.

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“…Quantum superdense coding is utilized to achieve higher efficiency. Since then, several QPC protocols have been proposed, utilizing various quantum resources such as single photons [8][9][10][11], entangled states [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], and cluster states [22][23][24][25][26]. Additionally, two-atom product states and single-atom measurements are used in a QPC protocol [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Quantum Private Comparison Based on GHZ States

Hou,

Wu,

Zhang

2024

Entropy

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Quantum private comparison (QPC) is a fundamental cryptographic protocol that allows two parties to compare the equality of their private inputs without revealing any information about those inputs to each other. In recent years, QPC protocols utilizing various quantum resources have been proposed. However, these QPC protocols have lower utilization of quantum resources and qubit efficiency. To address this issue, we propose an efficient QPC protocol based on GHZ states, which leverages the unique properties of GHZ states and rotation operations to achieve secure and efficient private comparison. The secret information is encoded in the rotation angles of rotation operations performed on the received quantum sequence transmitted along the circular mode. This results in the multiplexing of quantum resources and enhances the utilization of quantum resources. Our protocol does not require quantum key distribution (QKD) for sharing a secret key to ensure the security of the inputs, resulting in no consumption of quantum resources for key sharing. One GHZ state can be compared to three bits of classical information in each comparison, leading to qubit efficiency reaching 100%. Compared with the existing QPC protocol, our protocol does not require quantum resources for sharing a secret key. It also demonstrates enhanced performance in qubit efficiency and the utilization of quantum resources.

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Efficient multiparty quantum private comparison protocol based on single photons and rotation encryption

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Quantum private comparison for the socialist millionaire problem

Quantum private comparison for the socialist millionaire problem

New Quantum Private Comparison Using Four-Particle Cluster State

Efficient Quantum Private Comparison Based on GHZ States

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