Efficient Methano[70]fullerene/MDMO‐PPV Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells

Wienk, Martijn M.; Kroon, Jan; Verhees, Wiljan; Knol, Joop; Hummelen, Jan C.; Hal, Paul A. van; Janssen, René

doi:10.1002/ange.200351647

Cited by 499 publications

(616 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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Section: Factors Influencing the Structure And Performance Of Fullerementioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 This means that they do not significantly contribute to device photocurrent, limiting the Jsc available for a given active layer thickness. Soluble analogues of the less symmetrical higher fullerenes, such as C 70 (PC 71 BM) 26 and C 84 (PC 85 BM), 27 which absorb better in the visible have been developed to overcome this. The high electron affinity of PC 84 BM results in low device V oc , but PC 71 BM has proven to be a highly effective material, combining similar LUMO energy, electron mobility, solubility and crystallinity to PC 61 BM, but higher optical absorption in the visible as a result of its lower symmetry.…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Structure And Performance Of Fullerementioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of blend microstructure on bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic performance

et al. 2011

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This tutorial review discusses the factors influencing blend microstructure and performance in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells.Please check this proof carefully. Our staff will not read it in detail after you have returned it. Translation errors between word-processor files and typesetting systems can occur so the whole proof needs to be read. Please pay particular attention to: tabulated material; equations; numerical data; figures and graphics; and references. If you have not already indicated the corresponding author(s) please mark their name(s) with an asterisk. Please e-mail a list of corrections or the PDF with electronic notes attached --do not change the text within the PDF file or send a revised manuscript.Please bear in mind that minor layout improvements, e.g. in line breaking, table widths and graphic placement, are routinely applied to the final version.Please note that, in the typefaces we use, an italic vee looks like this: n, and a Greek nu looks like this: n.We will publish articles on the web as soon as possible after receiving your corrections; no late corrections will be made.Please return your final corrections, where possible within 48 hours of receipt, by e-mail to: chemsocrev@rsc.org Reprints-Electronic (PDF) reprints will be provided free of charge to the corresponding author. Enquiries about purchasing paper reprints should be addressed via: http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/ReSourCe/PaperReprints/. Costs for reprints are below: Q3The sentence beginning ''For example it has been shown. . .'' has been altered for clarity, please check that the meaning is correct. Q4The citation to ' Fig. 8(a)' in the sentence beginning 'Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. . .' has been changed to ' Fig. 10(a)' as the text appears to discuss ' Fig. 10(a)'. Please check that this is correct. Q5The citation to ' Fig. 8(b)' in the sentence beginning 'Upon annealing, P3HT chains begin to crystallize. . .' has been changed to ' Fig The performance of organic photovoltaic devices based upon bulk heterojunction blends of donor and acceptor materials has been shown to be highly dependent on the thin film microstructure. In this tutorial review, we discuss the factors responsible for influencing blend microstructure and how these affect device performance. In particular we discuss how various molecular design approaches can affect the thin film morphology of both the donor and acceptor components, as well as their blend microstructure. We further examine the influence of polymer molecular weight and blend composition upon device performance, and discuss how a variety of processing techniques can be used to control the blend microstructure, leading to improvements in solar cell efficiencies.

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Section: Factors Influencing the Structure And Performance Of Fullerementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Factors Influencing the Structure And Performance Of Fullerementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of blend microstructure on bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic performance

et al. 2011

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“…18 For poly(2-methoxy-5-{3 0 ,7 0 -dimethyloctyloxy}-p-phenylene vinylene) (MDMO-PPV), the power conversion efficiency reaches 3.0%, which was very high in the early stages of OPV research. 19 Research on PPV laid the foundation for morphological investigations, which clearly pointed out the importance of understanding the relationship between the morphology and device performance. Shaheen et al first reported a 2.5% efficiency based on PPV in 2001 under AM 1.5 standard solar radiation.…”

Section: Morphology Of Polymer Based Opvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the morphology of polymer‐based photovoltaics

Liu

Jung

et al. 2012

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

304

248

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We review the morphologies of polymer-based solar cells and the parameters that govern the evolution of the morphologies and describe different approaches to achieve the optimum morphology for a BHJ OPV. While there are some distinct differences, there are also some commonalities. It is evident that morphology and the control of the morphology are important for device performance and, by controlling the thermodynamics, in particular, the interactions of the components, and by controlling kinetic parameters, like the rate of solvent evaporation, crystallization and phase separation, optimized morphologies for a given system can be achieved. While much research has focused on P3HT, it is evident that a clearer understanding of the morphology and the evolution of the morphology in low bad gap polymer systems will increase the efficiency further. While current OPVs are on the verge of breaking the 10% barrier, manipulating and controlling the morphology will still be key for device optimization and, equally important, for the fabrication of these devices in an industrial setting.

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“…Further step-by-step annealing every two minutes resulted in a gradually enhanced I SC but not in a significant change in V OC and FF. These data correspond to a slowly increased overall efficiency with the highest value of 2.7 % after a total thermal treatment period of 14 min, with an [17] To elucidate why the annealing improved the device performance, we first investigated the atomic force microscopy (AFM) topography of films cast from PBTT: Figure 5 b is believed to be favorable for the charge transport of holes and electrons and stronger interfacial dipole moments in the corresponding separated continuous percolation pathways. [9, 10a, b] Another approach to investigate the reasons for the enhanced efficiency after thermal treatment of these devices is to observe the change of shunt resistance or series resistance in the device upon heating.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Polymer with a Benzo[2,1‐b;3,4‐b′]dithiophene Moiety for Photovoltaic Applications

Liu

Rieger

et al. 2010

ChemSusChem

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The characterization of a benzo[2,1‐b;3,4‐b′]dithiophene containing conjugated polymer (PBTT) is demonstrated, with regard to its photovoltaic performance. X‐ray diffraction measurements reveal that the thermal treatment results in an increased crystallinity within the PBTT:[70]PCBM network and subsequent spatial rearrangement in the film. Upon stepwise annealing, the PBTT‐based bulk‐heterojunction solar cells show an overall conversion efficiency of 2.7 % under 1 sun light illumination. The photovoltaic devices based on PBTT show a high efficiency, maintained over one month. All these aspects suggest that the use of self‐organizable materials is an efficient approach for high‐performance photovoltaic applications.

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Efficient Methano[70]fullerene/MDMO‐PPV Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells

Abstract: The widespread use of solar cells as a renewable source of energy is seriously held back by the high cost of the existing crystalline silicon-based technology. The prospect of cheap reel-to-reel processing makes organic semiconducting mate-

Cited by 499 publications

References 22 publications

Influence of blend microstructure on bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic performance

Influence of blend microstructure on bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic performance

On the morphology of polymer‐based photovoltaics

A Polymer with a Benzo[2,1‐b;3,4‐b′]dithiophene Moiety for Photovoltaic Applications

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