Efficient Hydrophobic Modification of Old Newspaper and Its Application in Paper Fiber Reinforced Composites

Zhang, Weiwei; Gu, Jin; Tu, Dengyun; Guan, Lan; Hu, Chuanshuang

doi:10.3390/polym11050842

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Nonetheless, in both cases, tensile strength was slightly decreased and elongation at break remained almost constant. Apparently, the maleic anhydride rings in MAPE should create hydrogen bonds between HDPE and the protein in BF, as in the case of glass or cellulosic fibers [ 39 , 40 ]. However, it becomes apparent that the rest of compounds present in the BF, such as ash or chrome oxides, limited these interactions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leather Waste to Enhance Mechanical Performance of High-Density Polyethylene

et al. 2020

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Leather buffing dust (BF) is a waste from tannery which is usually disposed on landfills. The interest in using wastes as fillers or reinforcements for composites has raised recently due to environmental concerns. This study investigates the potential use of BF waste as filler for a high density polyethylene matrix (HDPE). A series of HDPE-BF composites, containing filler concentrations ranging from 20 to 50wt%, were formulated, injection molded and tested. The effect of filler contents on the mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated and discussed. Composites with BF contents up to 30wt% improved the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the matrix, achieving similar mechanical properties to polypropylene (PP). In the case of flexural strength, it was found to be proportionally enhanced by increasing reinforcement content, maintaining high impact strength. These composites present great opportunities for PP application areas that require higher impact resistance. The materials were submitted to a series of closed-loop recycling cycles in order to assess their recyclability, being able to maintain better tensile strength than virgin HDPE after 5 cycles. The study develops new low-cost and sustainable composites by using a waste as composite filler.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leather Waste to Enhance Mechanical Performance of High-Density Polyethylene

et al. 2020

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“…To the best of the authors' knowledge, the impact strength of natural fiber-reinforced PP composites has been researched, obtaining notable results [7,11]. Nonetheless, the information on the impact strength of newspaper fiber-reinforced composites is scarce [29,30]. Thus, adding further results that stress the capabilities of a source of recycled fibers from waste has importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Properties and Water Uptake Behavior of Old Newspaper Recycled Fibers-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

et al. 2020

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Natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites can be an alternative to mineral fiber-based composites, especially when economic and environment concerns are included under the material selection criteria. In recent years, the literature has shown how lignocellulosic fiber-reinforced composites can be used for a variety of applications. Nonetheless, the impact strength and the water uptake behavior of such materials have been seen as drawbacks. In this work, the impact strength and the water uptake of composites made of polypropylene reinforced with fibers from recycled newspaper have been researched. The results show how the impact strength decreases with the percentage of reinforcement in a similar manner to that of glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites as a result of adding a fragile phase to the material. It was found that the water uptake increased with the increasing percentages of lignocellulosic fibers due to the hydrophilic nature of such reinforcements. The diffusion behavior was found to be Fickian. A maleic anhydride was added as a coupling agent in order to increase the strength of the interface between the matrix and the reinforcements. It was found that the presence of such a coupling agent increased the impact strength of the composites and decreased the water uptake. Impact strengths of 21.3 kJ/m 3 were obtained for a coupled composite with 30 wt % reinforcement contents, which is a value higher than that obtained for glass fiber-based materials. The obtained composites reinforced with recycled fibers showed competitive impact strength and water uptake behaviors in comparison with materials reinforced with raw lignocellulosic fibers. The article increases the knowledge on newspaper fiber-reinforced polyolefin composite properties, showing the competitiveness of waste-based materials.In the case of the ONPF composites, the mixer was operated at 80 rpm and 180 °C . The mixing lasted 178 10 min. The coupled GF-reinforced composites were mixed at 20 rpm due to the fragility of such 179 reinforcements. All the resulting melts were pelletized in a knife mill. Prior to its mold injection, the 180 pellets were dried during 1 h in a stove at 80 °C . 181Standard rectangular specimens measuring 62 × 13 mm, with a thickness of 3.2 mm, in 182 agreement with ASTM D638 [44] were mold injected. The injection molding machine was a Meteor 183 40 by Mateu&Solé (Barcelona, Spain). The machine has three heating areas, which were operated at 184 175, 175, and 190 °C , of which the last was the injection nozzle. The first and second pressures were 185 120 and 37.5 kgf/cm 2 , respectively. At least seven valid specimens for any of the composite 186 formulations were mold injected. Five were devoted to the impact test and two were devoted to water 187 uptake analysis. 188 2.4. Specimens Testing 189 Impact strength was carried out in agreement with the ISO 179-1:2010 standard [45]. Un-notched 190 specimens were placed in a Charpy test equipment Instron Ceast 5.5 Resil by Ceast S.p.a. (Pianezza,

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“…The utilization rate of newspaper was further improved. Compared with the method of crushing newspapers for extrusion production [23], the flexural strength and tensile strength of the obtained materials had been increased by nearly 260% and 188%, respectively (the performance value under the optimal conditions of each process). It is shown that the use of the entire sheet of paper can help to improve some of the mechanical properties of the composite material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, there are also many problems in the process, such as paper fiber tends to become flocculent after comminution, which increases the difficulty of melting and blending with the polymer matrix, and results in uneven dispersion of paper fiber in the matrix. Our research team has found that old newspaper can solve the flocculation problem with low-dose gaseous methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) treatment [23]. Some scholars had also investigated the impact of deinking methods of waste newspapers on the properties of composite materials [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Process Optimization and Performance Study of Environmentally Friendly Waste Newspaper/Polypropylene Film Layered Composites

Guan

et al. 2020

Materials

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Waste newspaper are currently used in a single way and have low utilization rates. In this paper, the optimal process of preparing environmentally friendly layered composites by using waste newspaper combined with polypropylene film lamination was studied. The effects of hot-pressing temperature, hot-pressing time and paper content on the properties of the composites were analyzed. The results showed that under the process conditions of hot-pressing temperature 180 °C, compression time 20 min and paper content 66.7%, the obtained composite material had a flexural strength of 126 MPa, a tensile strength of 95 MPa, an impact strength of 5.3 kJ/m2 and a water absorption thickness expansion ratio of 3.2%. Tensile performance increased by 164% compared to the original waste newspaper. Compared to our previous work, the hot processing time had been cut in half and costs were lower. In terms of creep properties, the unrecoverable strain rate was reduced by 57.5% compared to pure polypropylene. The results show that the material can maintain excellent flexural strength, tensile strength and water absorption performance while making good use of waste newspaper.

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Efficient Hydrophobic Modification of Old Newspaper and Its Application in Paper Fiber Reinforced Composites

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Leather Waste to Enhance Mechanical Performance of High-Density Polyethylene

Leather Waste to Enhance Mechanical Performance of High-Density Polyethylene

Impact Properties and Water Uptake Behavior of Old Newspaper Recycled Fibers-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

A Process Optimization and Performance Study of Environmentally Friendly Waste Newspaper/Polypropylene Film Layered Composites

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