Efficient conversion of glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using a bifunctional Fe³⁺ modified Amberlyst-15 catalyst

Abstract

In this study, a series of Fe3+ modified Amberlyst-15 resins (Fe/AR) were prepared and used as environmentally friendly bifunctional catalysts for the conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF).

Tuning Brønsted and Lewis acidity on phosphated titanium dioxides for efficient conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

“…51,66 Besides, humins formed via HMF polymerization were also observed in the reaction for an extended amount of time which could be noticed from the darker color of the used catalyst and the product solution. 67,68 Overall, the optimal reaction time is 6 h giving 86% of glucose conversion and 72% of HMF yield, showing a signicant improvement over the typical reaction setup.…”

Catalytic production of hexamethylenediamine from renewable feedstocks

“…4. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural is a well-known biomass-derived and versatile chemical [95] that is synthesized from glucose via a two-step process: the isomerization of glucose to fructose and then the dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural [96][97][98]. As shown in Fig.…”

A novel and robust heterogeneous Cu catalyst using modified lignosulfonate as support for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles

“…The first loss within 224-327 °C may be caused by decomposition and elimination of the -SO 3 Na groups and the introduced small organic species in the materials [22], while the second loss at higher temperature of 327-448 °C may be attributed to decomposition of the support skeleton [23]. The thermal stability of referential Resin-Cu catalyst was also investigated by TG analysis (Supporting Informa-tion File 1, Figure S3), showing a high thermal stability as well [24][25][26]. The above results indicated that all prepared materials could remain stable in the system when used to catalyze organic reactions.…”